package com.vitorpamplona.amethyst.service

import android.graphics.Bitmap
import android.graphics.Color
import kotlin.math.cos
import kotlin.math.pow
import kotlin.math.withSign

object BlurHashDecoder {

    // cache Math.cos() calculations to improve performance.
    // The number of calculations can be huge for many bitmaps: width * height * numCompX * numCompY * 2 * nBitmaps
    // the cache is enabled by default, it is recommended to disable it only when just a few images are displayed
    private val cacheCosinesX = HashMap<Int, DoubleArray>()
    private val cacheCosinesY = HashMap<Int, DoubleArray>()

    /**
     * Clear calculations stored in memory cache.
     * The cache is not big, but will increase when many image sizes are used,
     * if the app needs memory it is recommended to clear it.
     */
    fun clearCache() {
        cacheCosinesX.clear()
        cacheCosinesY.clear()
    }

    /**
     * Returns width/height
     */
    fun aspectRatio(blurHash: String?): Float? {
        if (blurHash == null || blurHash.length < 6) {
            return null
        }
        val numCompEnc = decode83(blurHash, 0, 1)
        val numCompX = (numCompEnc % 9) + 1
        val numCompY = (numCompEnc / 9) + 1
        if (blurHash.length != 4 + 2 * numCompX * numCompY) {
            return null
        }

        return numCompX.toFloat() / numCompY.toFloat()
    }

    /**
     * Decode a blur hash into a new bitmap.
     *
     * @param useCache use in memory cache for the calculated math, reused by images with same size.
     *                 if the cache does not exist yet it will be created and populated with new calculations.
     *                 By default it is true.
     */
    fun decode(blurHash: String?, width: Int, height: Int, punch: Float = 1f, useCache: Boolean = true): Bitmap? {
        checkNotInMainThread()

        if (blurHash == null || blurHash.length < 6) {
            return null
        }
        val numCompEnc = decode83(blurHash, 0, 1)
        val numCompX = (numCompEnc % 9) + 1
        val numCompY = (numCompEnc / 9) + 1
        if (blurHash.length != 4 + 2 * numCompX * numCompY) {
            return null
        }
        val maxAcEnc = decode83(blurHash, 1, 2)
        val maxAc = (maxAcEnc + 1) / 166f
        val colors = Array(numCompX * numCompY) { i ->
            if (i == 0) {
                val colorEnc = decode83(blurHash, 2, 6)
                decodeDc(colorEnc)
            } else {
                val from = 4 + i * 2
                val colorEnc = decode83(blurHash, from, from + 2)
                decodeAc(colorEnc, maxAc * punch)
            }
        }
        return composeBitmap(width, height, numCompX, numCompY, colors, useCache)
    }

    private fun decode83(str: String, from: Int = 0, to: Int = str.length): Int {
        var result = 0
        for (i in from until to) {
            val index = charMap[str[i]] ?: -1
            if (index != -1) {
                result = result * 83 + index
            }
        }
        return result
    }

    private fun decodeDc(colorEnc: Int): FloatArray {
        val r = colorEnc shr 16
        val g = (colorEnc shr 8) and 255
        val b = colorEnc and 255
        return floatArrayOf(srgbToLinear(r), srgbToLinear(g), srgbToLinear(b))
    }

    private fun srgbToLinear(colorEnc: Int): Float {
        val v = colorEnc / 255f
        return if (v <= 0.04045f) {
            (v / 12.92f)
        } else {
            ((v + 0.055f) / 1.055f).pow(2.4f)
        }
    }

    private fun decodeAc(value: Int, maxAc: Float): FloatArray {
        val r = value / (19 * 19)
        val g = (value / 19) % 19
        val b = value % 19
        return floatArrayOf(
            signedPow2((r - 9) / 9.0f) * maxAc,
            signedPow2((g - 9) / 9.0f) * maxAc,
            signedPow2((b - 9) / 9.0f) * maxAc
        )
    }

    private fun signedPow2(value: Float) = value.pow(2f).withSign(value)

    private fun composeBitmap(
        width: Int,
        height: Int,
        numCompX: Int,
        numCompY: Int,
        colors: Array<FloatArray>,
        useCache: Boolean
    ): Bitmap {
        // use an array for better performance when writing pixel colors
        val imageArray = IntArray(width * height)
        val calculateCosX = !useCache || !cacheCosinesX.containsKey(width * numCompX)
        val cosinesX = getArrayForCosinesX(calculateCosX, width, numCompX)
        val calculateCosY = !useCache || !cacheCosinesY.containsKey(height * numCompY)
        val cosinesY = getArrayForCosinesY(calculateCosY, height, numCompY)
        for (y in 0 until height) {
            for (x in 0 until width) {
                var r = 0f
                var g = 0f
                var b = 0f
                for (j in 0 until numCompY) {
                    for (i in 0 until numCompX) {
                        val cosX = cosinesX.getCos(calculateCosX, i, numCompX, x, width)
                        val cosY = cosinesY.getCos(calculateCosY, j, numCompY, y, height)
                        val basis = (cosX * cosY).toFloat()
                        val color = colors[j * numCompX + i]
                        r += color[0] * basis
                        g += color[1] * basis
                        b += color[2] * basis
                    }
                }
                imageArray[x + width * y] = Color.rgb(linearToSrgb(r), linearToSrgb(g), linearToSrgb(b))
            }
        }
        return Bitmap.createBitmap(imageArray, width, height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888)
    }

    private fun getArrayForCosinesY(calculate: Boolean, height: Int, numCompY: Int) = when {
        calculate -> {
            DoubleArray(height * numCompY).also {
                cacheCosinesY[height * numCompY] = it
            }
        }
        else -> {
            cacheCosinesY[height * numCompY]!!
        }
    }

    private fun getArrayForCosinesX(calculate: Boolean, width: Int, numCompX: Int) = when {
        calculate -> {
            DoubleArray(width * numCompX).also {
                cacheCosinesX[width * numCompX] = it
            }
        }
        else -> cacheCosinesX[width * numCompX]!!
    }

    private fun DoubleArray.getCos(
        calculate: Boolean,
        x: Int,
        numComp: Int,
        y: Int,
        size: Int
    ): Double {
        if (calculate) {
            this[x + numComp * y] = cos(Math.PI * y * x / size)
        }
        return this[x + numComp * y]
    }

    private fun linearToSrgb(value: Float): Int {
        val v = value.coerceIn(0f, 1f)
        return if (v <= 0.0031308f) {
            (v * 12.92f * 255f + 0.5f).toInt()
        } else {
            ((1.055f * v.pow(1 / 2.4f) - 0.055f) * 255 + 0.5f).toInt()
        }
    }

    private val charMap = listOf(
        '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G',
        'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X',
        'Y', 'Z', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o',
        'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z', '#', '$', '%', '*', '+', ',',
        '-', '.', ':', ';', '=', '?', '@', '[', ']', '^', '_', '{', '|', '}', '~'
    )
        .mapIndexed { i, c -> c to i }
        .toMap()
}
