diff --git a/src/components/ThreadCommentRenderer.tsx b/src/components/ThreadCommentRenderer.tsx
index 90188c4..6ff1629 100644
--- a/src/components/ThreadCommentRenderer.tsx
+++ b/src/components/ThreadCommentRenderer.tsx
@@ -1,18 +1,25 @@
 import { NostrEvent } from "@/types/nostr";
 import { UserName } from "./nostr/UserName";
-import { EventMenu } from "./nostr/kinds/BaseEventRenderer";
 import { RichText } from "./nostr/RichText";
 import { formatTimestamp } from "@/hooks/useLocale";
 import { useGrimoire } from "@/core/state";
+import { Reply } from "lucide-react";
 
 /**
  * Compact renderer for comments in thread view
  * - No reply preview
  * - No footer
  * - Minimal padding
+ * - Reply button instead of menu
  * - Used for both kind 1 and kind 1111 in thread context
  */
-export function ThreadCommentRenderer({ event }: { event: NostrEvent }) {
+export function ThreadCommentRenderer({
+  event,
+  onReply,
+}: {
+  event: NostrEvent;
+  onReply?: (eventId: string) => void;
+}) {
   const { locale } = useGrimoire();
 
   // Format relative time for display
@@ -41,7 +48,15 @@ export function ThreadCommentRenderer({ event }: { event: NostrEvent }) {
             {relativeTime}
           </span>
         </div>
-        <EventMenu event={event} />
+        {onReply && (
+          <button
+            onClick={() => onReply(event.id)}
+            className="hover:text-foreground text-muted-foreground transition-colors"
+            aria-label="Reply"
+          >
+            <Reply className="size-3" />
+          </button>
+        )}
       </div>
       <RichText event={event} className="text-sm" />
     </div>
diff --git a/src/components/ThreadComposer.tsx b/src/components/ThreadComposer.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0cb0af5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/components/ThreadComposer.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+import { useState, useRef, useMemo } from "react";
+import { use$ } from "applesauce-react/hooks";
+import { Button } from "./ui/button";
+import { Loader2, X } from "lucide-react";
+import {
+  MentionEditor,
+  type MentionEditorHandle,
+} from "./editor/MentionEditor";
+import type { NostrEvent } from "@/types/nostr";
+import { publishEventToRelays } from "@/services/hub";
+import { toast } from "sonner";
+import { UserName } from "./nostr/UserName";
+import { EventFactory } from "applesauce-core";
+import accountManager from "@/services/accounts";
+import type { ProfileSearchResult } from "@/services/profile-search";
+import { getDisplayName } from "@/lib/nostr-utils";
+
+interface ThreadComposerProps {
+  rootEvent: NostrEvent;
+  replyToEvent: NostrEvent;
+  participants: string[]; // All thread participants for autocomplete
+  onCancel: () => void;
+  onSuccess: () => void;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ThreadComposer - Inline composer for replying to thread comments
+ * - Posts kind 1111 (NIP-22 comments)
+ * - Autocomplete from thread participants
+ * - Shows preview of comment being replied to
+ */
+export function ThreadComposer({
+  rootEvent,
+  replyToEvent,
+  participants,
+  onCancel,
+  onSuccess,
+}: ThreadComposerProps) {
+  const [isSending, setIsSending] = useState(false);
+  const editorRef = useRef<MentionEditorHandle>(null);
+  const activeAccount = use$(accountManager.active$);
+
+  // Search profiles for autocomplete (thread participants only)
+  const searchProfiles = useMemo(() => {
+    return async (query: string): Promise<ProfileSearchResult[]> => {
+      if (!query) return [];
+
+      const normalizedQuery = query.toLowerCase();
+
+      // Filter participants that match the query
+      const matches = participants
+        .filter((pubkey) => {
+          // TODO: Could fetch profiles and search by name
+          // For now just match by pubkey prefix
+          return pubkey.toLowerCase().includes(normalizedQuery);
+        })
+        .slice(0, 10)
+        .map((pubkey) => ({
+          pubkey,
+          displayName: getDisplayName(pubkey, undefined),
+        }));
+
+      return matches;
+    };
+  }, [participants]);
+
+  const handleSend = async (content: string) => {
+    if (!activeAccount || isSending || !content.trim()) return;
+
+    setIsSending(true);
+    try {
+      // Create kind 1111 comment with NIP-22 tags
+      // Uppercase tags (E, A, K, P) = root
+      // Lowercase tags (e, a, k, p) = parent (immediate reply)
+
+      const rootTags: string[][] = [];
+      const parentTags: string[][] = [];
+
+      // Add root tags (uppercase)
+      rootTags.push(["E", rootEvent.id]);
+      rootTags.push(["K", String(rootEvent.kind)]);
+      rootTags.push(["P", rootEvent.pubkey]);
+
+      // Add parent tags (lowercase) - the comment we're replying to
+      parentTags.push(["e", replyToEvent.id]);
+      parentTags.push(["k", String(replyToEvent.kind)]);
+      parentTags.push(["p", replyToEvent.pubkey]);
+
+      // Also tag all mentioned participants
+      const allMentionedPubkeys = [rootEvent.pubkey, replyToEvent.pubkey];
+      const uniquePubkeys = Array.from(new Set(allMentionedPubkeys));
+
+      // Create event factory and sign event
+      const factory = new EventFactory();
+      factory.setSigner(activeAccount.signer);
+
+      const draft = await factory.build({
+        kind: 1111,
+        content: content.trim(),
+        tags: [
+          ...rootTags,
+          ...parentTags,
+          ...uniquePubkeys.map((pk) => ["p", pk]),
+        ],
+      });
+
+      const event = await factory.sign(draft);
+
+      // Publish to relays (using default relay set)
+      await publishEventToRelays(event, []);
+
+      toast.success("Reply posted!");
+      onSuccess();
+    } catch (error) {
+      console.error("[ThreadComposer] Failed to send reply:", error);
+      const errorMessage =
+        error instanceof Error ? error.message : "Failed to post reply";
+      toast.error(errorMessage);
+    } finally {
+      setIsSending(false);
+    }
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <div className="border-t border-border bg-muted/20 px-2 py-2">
+      {/* Reply preview */}
+      <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-2 mb-2 px-2 py-1 bg-muted/30 rounded text-xs">
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 min-w-0 flex-1">
+          <span className="text-muted-foreground flex-shrink-0">
+            Replying to
+          </span>
+          <UserName
+            pubkey={replyToEvent.pubkey}
+            className="font-semibold flex-shrink-0"
+          />
+        </div>
+        <button
+          onClick={onCancel}
+          className="text-muted-foreground hover:text-foreground transition-colors flex-shrink-0"
+        >
+          <X className="size-3" />
+        </button>
+      </div>
+
+      {/* Composer */}
+      <div className="flex gap-1.5 items-center">
+        <MentionEditor
+          ref={editorRef}
+          placeholder="Write a reply..."
+          searchProfiles={searchProfiles}
+          onSubmit={(content: string) => {
+            if (content.trim()) {
+              handleSend(content);
+            }
+          }}
+          className="flex-1 min-w-0"
+        />
+        <Button
+          type="button"
+          variant="secondary"
+          size="sm"
+          className="flex-shrink-0 h-7 px-2 text-xs"
+          disabled={isSending}
+          onClick={() => {
+            editorRef.current?.submit();
+          }}
+        >
+          {isSending ? <Loader2 className="size-3 animate-spin" /> : "Reply"}
+        </Button>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
diff --git a/src/components/ThreadConversation.tsx b/src/components/ThreadConversation.tsx
index 81a548e..726a700 100644
--- a/src/components/ThreadConversation.tsx
+++ b/src/components/ThreadConversation.tsx
@@ -4,11 +4,14 @@ import { getNip10References } from "applesauce-common/helpers/threading";
 import { getCommentReplyPointer } from "applesauce-common/helpers/comment";
 import { EventErrorBoundary } from "./EventErrorBoundary";
 import { ThreadCommentRenderer } from "./ThreadCommentRenderer";
+import { ThreadComposer } from "./ThreadComposer";
 import type { NostrEvent } from "@/types/nostr";
 
 export interface ThreadConversationProps {
   rootEventId: string;
+  rootEvent: NostrEvent;
   replies: NostrEvent[];
+  participants: string[];
   focusedEventId?: string; // Event to highlight and scroll to (if not root)
 }
 
@@ -119,7 +122,9 @@ function buildThreadTree(
  */
 export function ThreadConversation({
   rootEventId,
+  rootEvent,
   replies,
+  participants,
   focusedEventId,
 }: ThreadConversationProps) {
   // Build tree structure
@@ -131,6 +136,15 @@ export function ThreadConversation({
   // Track collapse state per event ID
   const [collapsedIds, setCollapsedIds] = useState<Set<string>>(new Set());
 
+  // Track reply state
+  const [replyToId, setReplyToId] = useState<string | undefined>();
+
+  // Find the event being replied to
+  const replyToEvent = useMemo(() => {
+    if (!replyToId) return undefined;
+    return replies.find((r) => r.id === replyToId) || rootEvent;
+  }, [replyToId, replies, rootEvent]);
+
   // Ref for the focused event element
   const focusedRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
 
@@ -165,67 +179,89 @@ export function ThreadConversation({
   }
 
   return (
-    <div className="space-y-0">
-      {initialTree.map((node) => {
-        const isCollapsed = collapsedIds.has(node.event.id);
-        const hasChildren = node.children.length > 0;
+    <>
+      <div className="space-y-0">
+        {initialTree.map((node) => {
+          const isCollapsed = collapsedIds.has(node.event.id);
+          const hasChildren = node.children.length > 0;
 
-        const isFocused = focusedEventId === node.event.id;
-
-        return (
-          <div key={node.event.id}>
-            {/* First-level reply */}
-            <div ref={isFocused ? focusedRef : undefined} className="relative">
-              {/* Collapse toggle button (only if has children) */}
-              {hasChildren && (
-                <button
-                  onClick={() => toggleCollapse(node.event.id)}
-                  className="absolute -left-6 top-2 text-muted-foreground hover:text-foreground transition-colors"
-                  aria-label={
-                    isCollapsed ? "Expand replies" : "Collapse replies"
-                  }
-                >
-                  {isCollapsed ? (
-                    <ChevronRight className="size-4" />
-                  ) : (
-                    <ChevronDown className="size-4" />
-                  )}
-                </button>
-              )}
+          const isFocused = focusedEventId === node.event.id;
 
+          return (
+            <div key={node.event.id}>
+              {/* First-level reply */}
               <div
-                className={isFocused ? "ring-2 ring-primary/50 rounded" : ""}
+                ref={isFocused ? focusedRef : undefined}
+                className="relative"
               >
-                <EventErrorBoundary event={node.event}>
-                  <ThreadCommentRenderer event={node.event} />
-                </EventErrorBoundary>
-              </div>
-            </div>
+                {/* Collapse toggle button (only if has children) */}
+                {hasChildren && (
+                  <button
+                    onClick={() => toggleCollapse(node.event.id)}
+                    className="absolute -left-6 top-2 text-muted-foreground hover:text-foreground transition-colors"
+                    aria-label={
+                      isCollapsed ? "Expand replies" : "Collapse replies"
+                    }
+                  >
+                    {isCollapsed ? (
+                      <ChevronRight className="size-4" />
+                    ) : (
+                      <ChevronDown className="size-4" />
+                    )}
+                  </button>
+                )}
 
-            {/* Second-level replies (nested, indented) */}
-            {hasChildren && !isCollapsed && (
-              <div className="ml-6 mt-1 space-y-0 border-l-2 border-border pl-3">
-                {node.children.map((child) => {
-                  const isChildFocused = focusedEventId === child.id;
-                  return (
-                    <div
-                      key={child.id}
-                      ref={isChildFocused ? focusedRef : undefined}
-                      className={
-                        isChildFocused ? "ring-2 ring-primary/50 rounded" : ""
-                      }
-                    >
-                      <EventErrorBoundary event={child}>
-                        <ThreadCommentRenderer event={child} />
-                      </EventErrorBoundary>
-                    </div>
-                  );
-                })}
+                <div
+                  className={isFocused ? "ring-2 ring-primary/50 rounded" : ""}
+                >
+                  <EventErrorBoundary event={node.event}>
+                    <ThreadCommentRenderer
+                      event={node.event}
+                      onReply={setReplyToId}
+                    />
+                  </EventErrorBoundary>
+                </div>
               </div>
-            )}
-          </div>
-        );
-      })}
-    </div>
+
+              {/* Second-level replies (nested, indented) */}
+              {hasChildren && !isCollapsed && (
+                <div className="ml-6 mt-1 space-y-0 border-l-2 border-border pl-3">
+                  {node.children.map((child) => {
+                    const isChildFocused = focusedEventId === child.id;
+                    return (
+                      <div
+                        key={child.id}
+                        ref={isChildFocused ? focusedRef : undefined}
+                        className={
+                          isChildFocused ? "ring-2 ring-primary/50 rounded" : ""
+                        }
+                      >
+                        <EventErrorBoundary event={child}>
+                          <ThreadCommentRenderer
+                            event={child}
+                            onReply={setReplyToId}
+                          />
+                        </EventErrorBoundary>
+                      </div>
+                    );
+                  })}
+                </div>
+              )}
+            </div>
+          );
+        })}
+      </div>
+
+      {/* Reply Composer */}
+      {replyToId && replyToEvent && (
+        <ThreadComposer
+          rootEvent={rootEvent}
+          replyToEvent={replyToEvent}
+          participants={participants}
+          onCancel={() => setReplyToId(undefined)}
+          onSuccess={() => setReplyToId(undefined)}
+        />
+      )}
+    </>
   );
 }
diff --git a/src/components/ThreadViewer.tsx b/src/components/ThreadViewer.tsx
index 08d60c3..87d28d0 100644
--- a/src/components/ThreadViewer.tsx
+++ b/src/components/ThreadViewer.tsx
@@ -357,7 +357,9 @@ export function ThreadViewer({ pointer }: ThreadViewerProps) {
           {replies && replies.length > 0 ? (
             <ThreadConversation
               rootEventId={rootEvent.id}
+              rootEvent={rootEvent}
               replies={replies}
+              participants={participants}
               focusedEventId={
                 originalEventId !== rootEvent.id ? originalEventId : undefined
               }