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Universal relative web-of-trust reputation protocol on Nostr - UniWoT

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+Universal relative web-of-trust reputation protocol on Nostr - UniWoT
+
+Clients may submit and query reputation events denoted by kind=9400 and
+that contain tags representing the reputation rating.
+
+The reputation query mechanism relies on the existing NIP-12 Generic Tag
+Queries.
+
+This NIP is a data type definition and does not require any change to
+relays.
+
+A reputation definition comprises a dimension, category, scale, rater,
+rated, comment and optionally an expiry date. Also, the elements
+informant, ratingProofType and externalRatingProof will allow external
+ratings to be recognised by Nostr (to be described in a future NIP).
+
+Dimension = dimension of reputation. E.g. 'judge', 'creator',
+'businessPartner', 'employee'. Stored in tag 'y'
+
+Category = the dimension's context. E.g. 'politics', 'gardening',
+'socialMedia', 'contract'. Stored in tag 'x'
+
+Scale = -1 to +1, enabling positive and negative ratings. Stored in tag
+'scale'
+
+Comment = optional text comment provided by the rater to compliment the
+reputation rating. Stored in event.content
+
+Whitelisted/blacklisted IP address = tag 'p'.
+
+Expiry Date = optional date of expiry of the reputation event. Stored in
+the 'expiration' tag.
+
+Apps can decide the categories and dimensions they wish to use. There is
+no centrally-defined list of categories or dimensions. Other apps may
+adopt or query reputation events made by other apps if they are
+interesting to them. Clients may synthesise disparate reputations that
+will enable wholly new use cases to emerge.
+
+Regarding blacklist/whitelist registration. It is recognised that
+blacklist/whitelist detection and management is a complex issue and
+outside the scope of this NIP. The whitelist/blacklist tag is just to
+bring such lists in-protocol, allow sharding and enable efficient
+selective replication.
+
+**Examples**
+------------
+
+// rate someone as a good judge of 'AustrianEcon' content
+
+{
+
+\"id\": \"\...\",
+
+\"kind\": 9400,
+
+"pubkey": informant // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\"tags\": \[
+
+\[\"w\", raterID\], // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\[\"p\", ratedID\], // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\[\"ratingprooftype\", "1"\], // Nostr-native rating.
+
+\[\"x\", "AustrianEcon"\],
+
+\[\"y", "judge\"\],
+
+\[\"scale\", 80\]
+
+\],
+
+\"content\": \"Paul follows a wide breadth of quite good Austrian econ
+commentators.\"
+
+}
+
+// rate someone as a producer of 'AustrianEcon' content
+
+{
+
+\"id\": \"\...\",
+
+\"kind\": 9400,
+
+"pubkey": informant // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\"tags\": \[
+
+\[\"w\", raterID\], // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\[\"p\", ratedID\], // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\[\"ratingprooftype\", "1"\], // Nostr-native rating.
+
+\[\"x\", "AustrianEcon"\],
+
+\[\"y", "blogger\"\],
+
+\[\"scale\", -20\]
+
+\],
+
+\"content\": \"Paul's Austrian econ commentary is somewhat interesting
+but not highly insightful.\"
+
+}
+
+// rate someone as a good judge of 'MilitaryAnalysis' content
+
+{
+
+\"id\": \"\...\",
+
+\"kind\": 9400,
+
+"pubkey": informant // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\"tags\": \[
+
+\[\"w\", raterID\], // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\[\"p\", ratedID\], // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\[\"ratingprooftype\", "1"\], // Nostr-native rating.
+
+\[\"x\", "MilitaryAnalysis"\],
+
+\[\"y", "judge\"\],
+
+\[\"scale\", 30\]
+
+\],
+
+\"content\": \"Paul follows a mixed bag of military analysts, some good,
+some not so good.\"
+
+}
+
+// rate someone as a good producer of 'gardening / orchids' content
+
+{
+
+\"id\": \"\...\",
+
+\"kind\": 9400,
+
+"pubkey": informant // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\"tags\": \[
+
+\[\"w\", raterID\], // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\[\"p\", ratedID\], // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\[\"ratingprooftype\", "1"\], // Nostr-native rating.
+
+\[\"x\", "Gardening"\],
+
+\[\"y", "orchids\"\],
+
+\[\"scale\", 100\]
+
+\],
+
+\"content\": \"His series of first places in the national orchid growing
+competitions 2019-2022 makes him an authority on this subject.\"
+
+}
+
+// declare someone as a paid subscriber to relay class XYZ
+
+{
+
+\"id\": \"\...\",
+
+\"kind\": 9400,
+
+"pubkey": informant // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\"tags\": \[
+
+\[\"w\", raterID\], // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\[\"p\", ratedID\], // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\[\"x\", "PaidSubscriptionExpiry"\],
+
+\[\"y", "XYZRelayAccess\"\],
+
+\[\"expiration\", "3248923749287"\]
+
+\]
+
+}
+
+// blacklist user from relay 'branle'
+
+{
+
+\"id\": \"\...\",
+
+\"kind\": 9400,
+
+"pubkey": informant // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\"tags\": \[
+
+\[\"w\", raterID\], // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\[\"p\", ratedID\], // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\[\"x\", "branle"\],
+
+\[\"y", "blacklist\"\]
+
+\]
+
+}
+
+// blacklist IP from relay 'branle'
+
+{
+
+\"id\": \"\...\",
+
+\"kind\": 9400,
+
+"pubkey": informant // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\"tags\": \[
+
+\[\"w\", raterID\], // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\[\"p\", blacklisted/whitelisted\_IP\_address\],
+
+\[\"x\", "branle"\],
+
+\[\"y", "blacklist\"\]
+
+\]
+
+}
+
+// rate user in respect of their contractworhiness.
+
+{
+
+\"id\": \"\...\",
+
+\"kind\": 9400,
+
+"pubkey": informant // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\"tags\": \[
+
+\[\"w\", raterID\], // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\[\"p\", ratedID\], // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\[\"ratingprooftype\", "1"\], // Nostr-native rating.
+
+\[\"x\", "Contract"\],
+
+\[\"y", "contractworthiness\"\],
+
+\[\"scale\", 90\]
+
+\],
+
+\"content\": \"This entity has performed well as a trading partner.\"
+
+}
+
+// private rating
+
+{
+
+\"id\": \"\...\",
+
+\"kind\": 9400,
+
+"pubkey": informant // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\"tags\": \[
+
+\[\"w\", raterID\], // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\[\"p\", encryptedRatedID\], // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\[\"ratingprooftype\", "1"\], // Nostr-native rating.
+
+\[\"x\", "Gardening"\],
+
+\[\"y", "orchids\"\],
+
+\[\"scale\", encryptedScaleValue\]
+
+\],
+
+\"content\": encryptedComment
+
+}
+
+// private rating
+
+{
+
+\"id\": \"\...\",
+
+\"kind\": 9400,
+
+"pubkey": informant // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\"tags\": \[
+
+\[\"w\", raterID\], // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\[\"p\", encryptedRatedID\], // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\[\"ratingprooftype\", "1"\], // Nostr-native rating.
+
+\[\"x\", encryptedCategoryeValue\],
+
+\[\"y", encryptedDimensioneValue\],
+
+\[\"scale\", encryptedScaleValue\]
+
+\],
+
+\"content\": encryptedComment
+
+}
+
+// declare someone as an employee
+
+{
+
+\"id\": \"\...\",
+
+\"kind\": 9400,
+
+"pubkey": informant // Nostr pubkey in this case.
+
+\"tags\": \[
+
+\[\"w\", raterID\], // Nostr pubkey. Employer
+
+\[\"p\", ratedID\], // Nostr pubkey. Employee.
+
+\[\"x\", "employment"\],
+
+\[\"y", "CEOrole\"\]
+
+\]
+
+}
+
+**Suggested Use Cases**
+-----------------------
+
+Motivating examples for reputation events
+
+-   Allow an entity to rate other entities, thereby building a web of
+    > trust. Allow reputation ratings to be numerically scaled and to be
+    > positive or negative.
+
+-   Allow an entity to determine a trust score for entities outside
+    > their web of trust.
+
+-   Allow multi-dimensional reputation to be established in any domain,
+    > including social media, ride sharing, business partnership
+    > ratings, employment/employer ratings, DeFi lending, decentralised
+    > ratings agencies. More generally, enables a flexible mechanism of
+    > reputation to emerge.
+
+-   Social media app which automatically suggests content to a user
+    > using ratings automatically calculated from their existing web of
+    > trust ratings of other users
+
+-   Ride sharing app users to rate drivers and vice-versa.
+
+-   Marketplace platform to allow buyers and sellers to rate each other.
+
+-   Business partners to rate each others' contract performance in
+    > various dimensions.
+
+-   Decentralised finance lending platforms to permit lenders to
+    > nominate and rate trusted users so as to extend favourable lending
+    > terms, thus introducing a new model of DeFi lending in addition to
+    > the currently capital-inefficient over collateralised lending
+    > model.
+
+-   Bounty platform clients and service providers to rate each other in
+    > various dimensions so as to provide extra heuristics of reputation
+    > when choosing partners and negotiating contract terms.
+
+-   Employment listing platforms to provide the extra heuristics of
+    > reputation of both employees and employers in various dimensions
+    > to allow better decision-making for both parties.
+
+-   DeFi insurance providers to use an extra heuristic of reputation in
+    > determining an insured party's risk in calculating insurance
+    > premiums.
+
+-   Blacklist/whitelists: Any community (such as a Nostr client app, for
+    > example) or individual to register a user or an IP address on a
+    > specific blacklist or whitelist.
+
+-   Rating agency to rate entities. If one chooses to trust the rating
+    > agency, the rating agency's ratings then appear in their WoT.
+
+-   Attestations: allows an entity to declare a generalised attestation
+    > regarding another entity. e.g. effectively declare 'Bob is the CTO
+    > of Swan Bitcoin," via a proof provided by Swan Bitcoin.
+
+-   Allow an entity to issue an accreditation to another entity, with an
+    > optional time-limit.
+
+-   The above two examples largely intersect with the facility of
+    > soulbound tokens.
+
+-   And more.
+
+-   The motivating philosophy for this NIP is to better enable the
+    > decentralised economy via a flexible, extensible, relative
+    > web-of-trust reputation protocol, better manage spam and improve
+    > censorship resistance. This reputation model is conceptualised to
+    > enable organisations and individuals to establish and maintain
+    > their reputation as a valuable asset to facilitate interactions
+    > and seek favourable trading terms without involvement of third
+    > parties. This circumvents coercion by state actors, the censorship
+    > of the establishment financial system and dystopian WEF/UN ideals.
+    > A universal WoT reputation can be a key factor in enabling a
+    > global, pseudonymous economy. UniWoT.