Support more than one CScheduler thread for serial clients

This will be used by CValidationInterface soon.

This requires a bit of work as we need to ensure that most of our
callbacks happen in-order (to avoid synchronization issues in
wallet) - we keep our own internal queue and push things onto it,
scheduling a queue-draining function immediately upon new
callbacks.

src/scheduler.h

@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@
 #include <boost/thread.hpp>
 #include <map>
 
+#include "sync.h"
+
 //
 // Simple class for background tasks that should be run
 // periodically or once "after a while"
@@ -79,4 +81,26 @@ private:
     bool shouldStop() { return stopRequested || (stopWhenEmpty && taskQueue.empty()); }
 };
 
+/**
+ * Class used by CScheduler clients which may schedule multiple jobs
+ * which are required to be run serially. Does not require such jobs
+ * to be executed on the same thread, but no two jobs will be executed
+ * at the same time.
+ */
+class SingleThreadedSchedulerClient {
+private:
+    CScheduler *m_pscheduler;
+
+    CCriticalSection m_cs_callbacks_pending;
+    std::list<std::function<void (void)>> m_callbacks_pending;
+    bool m_are_callbacks_running = false;
+
+    void MaybeScheduleProcessQueue();
+    void ProcessQueue();
+
+public:
+    SingleThreadedSchedulerClient(CScheduler *pschedulerIn) : m_pscheduler(pschedulerIn) {}
+    void AddToProcessQueue(std::function<void (void)> func);
+};
+
 #endif