tidy: Integrate bicoin-tidy clang-tidy plugin

Enable `bitcoin-unterminated-logprintf`.

Co-authored-by: Cory Fields <cory-nospam-@coryfields.com>

contrib/devtools/bitcoin-tidy/CMakeLists.txt

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+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.9)
+
+project(bitcoin-tidy VERSION 1.0.0 DESCRIPTION "clang-tidy checks for Bitcoin Core")
+
+include(GNUInstallDirs)
+
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED True)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS False)
+
+# TODO: Figure out how to avoid the terminfo check
+find_package(LLVM REQUIRED CONFIG)
+find_program(CLANG_TIDY_EXE NAMES "clang-tidy-${LLVM_VERSION_MAJOR}" "clang-tidy" HINTS ${LLVM_TOOLS_BINARY_DIR})
+message(STATUS "Found LLVM ${LLVM_PACKAGE_VERSION}")
+message(STATUS "Found clang-tidy: ${CLANG_TIDY_EXE}")
+
+add_library(bitcoin-tidy MODULE bitcoin-tidy.cpp logprintf.cpp)
+target_include_directories(bitcoin-tidy SYSTEM PRIVATE ${LLVM_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+
+# Disable RTTI and exceptions as necessary
+if (MSVC)
+    target_compile_options(bitcoin-tidy PRIVATE /GR-)
+else()
+    target_compile_options(bitcoin-tidy PRIVATE -fno-rtti)
+    target_compile_options(bitcoin-tidy PRIVATE -fno-exceptions)
+endif()
+
+# Add warnings
+if (MSVC)
+    target_compile_options(bitcoin-tidy PRIVATE /W4)
+else()
+    target_compile_options(bitcoin-tidy PRIVATE -Wall)
+    target_compile_options(bitcoin-tidy PRIVATE -Wextra)
+endif()
+
+set(CLANG_TIDY_COMMAND "${CLANG_TIDY_EXE}" "--load=${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/${CMAKE_SHARED_LIBRARY_PREFIX}bitcoin-tidy${CMAKE_SHARED_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}" "-checks=-*,bitcoin-*")
+
+# Create a dummy library that runs clang-tidy tests as a side-effect of building
+add_library(bitcoin-tidy-tests OBJECT EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL example_logprintf.cpp)
+add_dependencies(bitcoin-tidy-tests bitcoin-tidy)
+
+set_target_properties(bitcoin-tidy-tests PROPERTIES CXX_CLANG_TIDY "${CLANG_TIDY_COMMAND}")
+
+
+install(TARGETS bitcoin-tidy LIBRARY DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR})

contrib/devtools/bitcoin-tidy/README

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+# Bitcoin Tidy
+
+Example Usage:
+
+```bash
+cmake -S . -B build -DLLVM_DIR=/path/to/lib/cmake/llvm -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release
+make -C build -j$(nproc)
+```

contrib/devtools/bitcoin-tidy/bitcoin-tidy.cpp

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+// Copyright (c) 2023 Bitcoin Developers
+// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
+// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
+
+#include "logprintf.h"
+
+#include <clang-tidy/ClangTidyModule.h>
+#include <clang-tidy/ClangTidyModuleRegistry.h>
+
+class BitcoinModule final : public clang::tidy::ClangTidyModule
+{
+public:
+    void addCheckFactories(clang::tidy::ClangTidyCheckFactories& CheckFactories) override
+    {
+        CheckFactories.registerCheck<bitcoin::LogPrintfCheck>("bitcoin-unterminated-logprintf");
+    }
+};
+
+static clang::tidy::ClangTidyModuleRegistry::Add<BitcoinModule>
+    X("bitcoin-module", "Adds bitcoin checks.");
+
+volatile int BitcoinModuleAnchorSource = 0;

contrib/devtools/bitcoin-tidy/example_logprintf.cpp

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+// Copyright (c) 2023 Bitcoin Developers
+// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
+// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
+
+// Warn about any use of LogPrintf that does not end with a newline.
+#include <string>
+
+enum LogFlags {
+    NONE
+};
+
+enum Level {
+    None
+};
+
+template <typename... Args>
+static inline void LogPrintf_(const std::string& logging_function, const std::string& source_file, const int source_line, const LogFlags flag, const Level level, const char* fmt, const Args&... args)
+{
+}
+
+#define LogPrintLevel_(category, level, ...) LogPrintf_(__func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, category, level, __VA_ARGS__)
+#define LogPrintf(...) LogPrintLevel_(LogFlags::NONE, Level::None, __VA_ARGS__)
+
+// Use a macro instead of a function for conditional logging to prevent
+// evaluating arguments when logging for the category is not enabled.
+#define LogPrint(category, ...) \
+    do {                        \
+        LogPrintf(__VA_ARGS__); \
+    } while (0)
+
+
+class CWallet
+{
+    std::string GetDisplayName() const
+    {
+        return "default wallet";
+    }
+
+public:
+    template <typename... Params>
+    void WalletLogPrintf(std::string fmt, Params... parameters) const
+    {
+        LogPrintf(("%s " + fmt).c_str(), GetDisplayName(), parameters...);
+    };
+};
+
+void good_func()
+{
+    LogPrintf("hello world!\n");
+}
+void good_func2()
+{
+    CWallet wallet;
+    wallet.WalletLogPrintf("hi\n");
+
+    const CWallet& walletref = wallet;
+    walletref.WalletLogPrintf("hi\n");
+
+    auto* walletptr = new CWallet();
+    walletptr->WalletLogPrintf("hi\n");
+    delete walletptr;
+}
+void bad_func()
+{
+    LogPrintf("hello world!");
+}
+void bad_func2()
+{
+    LogPrintf("");
+}
+void bad_func3()
+{
+    // Ending in "..." has no special meaning.
+    LogPrintf("hello world!...");
+}
+void bad_func4_ignored()
+{
+    LogPrintf("hello world!"); // NOLINT(bitcoin-unterminated-logprintf)
+}
+void bad_func5()
+{
+    CWallet wallet;
+    wallet.WalletLogPrintf("hi");
+
+    const CWallet& walletref = wallet;
+    walletref.WalletLogPrintf("hi");
+
+    auto* walletptr = new CWallet();
+    walletptr->WalletLogPrintf("hi");
+    delete walletptr;
+}

contrib/devtools/bitcoin-tidy/logprintf.cpp

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+// Copyright (c) 2023 Bitcoin Developers
+// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
+// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
+
+#include "logprintf.h"
+
+#include <clang/AST/ASTContext.h>
+#include <clang/ASTMatchers/ASTMatchFinder.h>
+
+
+namespace {
+AST_MATCHER(clang::StringLiteral, unterminated)
+{
+    size_t len = Node.getLength();
+    if (len > 0 && Node.getCodeUnit(len - 1) == '\n') {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+} // namespace
+
+namespace bitcoin {
+
+void LogPrintfCheck::registerMatchers(clang::ast_matchers::MatchFinder* finder)
+{
+    using namespace clang::ast_matchers;
+
+    /*
+      Logprintf(..., ..., ..., ..., ..., "foo", ...)
+    */
+
+    finder->addMatcher(
+        callExpr(
+            callee(functionDecl(hasName("LogPrintf_"))),
+            hasArgument(5, stringLiteral(unterminated()).bind("logstring"))),
+        this);
+
+    /*
+      CWallet wallet;
+      auto walletptr = &wallet;
+      wallet.WalletLogPrintf("foo");
+      wallet->WalletLogPrintf("foo");
+    */
+    finder->addMatcher(
+        cxxMemberCallExpr(
+            thisPointerType(qualType(hasDeclaration(cxxRecordDecl(hasName("CWallet"))))),
+            callee(cxxMethodDecl(hasName("WalletLogPrintf"))),
+            hasArgument(0, stringLiteral(unterminated()).bind("logstring"))),
+        this);
+}
+
+void LogPrintfCheck::check(const clang::ast_matchers::MatchFinder::MatchResult& Result)
+{
+    if (const clang::StringLiteral* lit = Result.Nodes.getNodeAs<clang::StringLiteral>("logstring")) {
+        const clang::ASTContext& ctx = *Result.Context;
+        const auto user_diag = diag(lit->getEndLoc(), "Unterminated format string used with LogPrintf");
+        const auto& loc = lit->getLocationOfByte(lit->getByteLength(), *Result.SourceManager, ctx.getLangOpts(), ctx.getTargetInfo());
+        user_diag << clang::FixItHint::CreateInsertion(loc, "\\n");
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace bitcoin

contrib/devtools/bitcoin-tidy/logprintf.h

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+// Copyright (c) 2023 Bitcoin Developers
+// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
+// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
+
+#ifndef LOGPRINTF_CHECK_H
+#define LOGPRINTF_CHECK_H
+
+#include <clang-tidy/ClangTidyCheck.h>
+
+namespace bitcoin {
+
+class LogPrintfCheck final : public clang::tidy::ClangTidyCheck
+{
+public:
+    LogPrintfCheck(clang::StringRef Name, clang::tidy::ClangTidyContext* Context)
+        : clang::tidy::ClangTidyCheck(Name, Context) {}
+
+    bool isLanguageVersionSupported(const clang::LangOptions& LangOpts) const override
+    {
+        return LangOpts.CPlusPlus;
+    }
+    void registerMatchers(clang::ast_matchers::MatchFinder* Finder) override;
+    void check(const clang::ast_matchers::MatchFinder::MatchResult& Result) override;
+};
+
+} // namespace bitcoin
+
+#endif // LOGPRINTF_CHECK_H