Merge bitcoin/bitcoin#28423: kernel: Remove protocol.h/netaddress.h/compat.h from kernel headers

d506765199 [refactor] Remove compat.h from kernel headers (TheCharlatan)
36193af47c [refactor] Remove netaddress.h from kernel headers (TheCharlatan)
2b08c55f01 [refactor] Add CChainParams member to CConnman (TheCharlatan)
f0d1d8b35c [refactor] Add missing includes for next commit (TheCharlatan)
534b314a74 kernel: Move MessageStartChars to its own file (TheCharlatan)
9be330b654 [refactor] Define MessageStartChars as std::array (TheCharlatan)
37e2b01113 [refactor] Allow std::array<std::byte, N> in serialize.h (MarcoFalke)

Pull request description:

  This removes the non-consensus critical `protocol.h` and `netaddress.h` headers from the kernel headers. With this patch, they are no longer required to include in order to use the libbitcoinkernel library. This also allows for the removal of the `compat.h` header from the kernel headers.

  As an added future benefit it also reduces the number of of kernel headers that include the platform specific `bitcoin-config.h`.

  For those interested, the currently required kernel headers can be inspected visually with the [sourcetrail](https://github.com/CoatiSoftware/Sourcetrail) tool by looking at the required includes of `bitcoin-chainstate.cpp`.

  ---

  This is part of the [libbitcoinkernel project](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/issues/27587), namely its stage 1 step 3: Decouple most non-consensus headers from libbitcoinkernel.

ACKs for top commit:
  stickies-v:
    re-ACK d506765
  hebasto:
    ACK d506765199.
  ajtowns:
    utACK d506765199
  MarcoFalke:
    lgtm ACK d506765199 🍛

Tree-SHA512: 6f90ea510a302c2927e84d16900e89997c39b8ff3ce9d4effeb8a134bd29cc52bd9e81e51aaa11f7496bad00025b78a58b88c5a9e0bb3f4ebbe9a76309215fb7

src/bench/block_assemble.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <consensus/validation.h>
 #include <crypto/sha256.h>
 #include <node/miner.h>
+#include <random.h>
 #include <test/util/mining.h>
 #include <test/util/script.h>
 #include <test/util/setup_common.h>

src/bench/duplicate_inputs.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <consensus/merkle.h>
 #include <consensus/validation.h>
 #include <pow.h>
+#include <random.h>
 #include <test/util/setup_common.h>
 #include <txmempool.h>
 #include <validation.h>

src/bench/mempool_stress.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include <bench/bench.h>
 #include <kernel/mempool_entry.h>
 #include <policy/policy.h>
+#include <random.h>
 #include <test/util/setup_common.h>
 #include <txmempool.h>
 #include <util/chaintype.h>