fuzz: replace every fuzzer-controlled loop with a LIMITED_WHILE loop

Blindly chose a cap of 10000 iterations for every loop, except for
the two in script_ops.cpp and scriptnum_ops.cpp which appeared to
(sometimes) be deserializing individual bytes; capped those to one
million to ensure that sometimes we try working with massive scripts.

There was also one fuzzer-controlled loop in timedata.cpp which was
already capped, so I left that alone.

git grep 'while (fuzz' should now run clean except for timedata.cpp

src/test/fuzz/merkleblock.cpp

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ FUZZ_TARGET(merkleblock)
                 if (fuzzed_data_provider.ConsumeBool()) {
                     merkle_block = CMerkleBlock{*opt_block, bloom_filter};
                 } else if (fuzzed_data_provider.ConsumeBool()) {
-                    while (fuzzed_data_provider.ConsumeBool()) {
+                    LIMITED_WHILE(fuzzed_data_provider.ConsumeBool(), 10000) {
                         txids.insert(ConsumeUInt256(fuzzed_data_provider));
                     }
                     merkle_block = CMerkleBlock{*opt_block, txids};