Merge bitcoin/bitcoin#26619: log: expand BCLog::LogFlags (categories) to 64 bits

b31a0cd037 log: expand BCLog::LogFlags (categories) to 64 bits (Larry Ruane)

Pull request description:

  Increase the maximum number of logging categories from 32 to 64.

  We're currently using 29 of the 32 available logging categories (there are only 3 remaining). It would be good to increase the limit soon; the fourth PR to be merged that adds a new logging category will be blocked until something like this is done.

  This PR also adds a `TEST` category that uses the new range (`1ULL << 63`) in case there's a hidden assumption somewhere that the `BCLog::LogFlags` type is 32 bits. (Also added a test for this test category.) It also provides an example showing that the expression must be `1ULL << <shift>` for shift value 31 and beyond.

ACKs for top commit:
  achow101:
    ACK b31a0cd037
  vasild:
    ACK b31a0cd037
  ryanofsky:
    Code review ACK b31a0cd037, just dropping mask_bit constant since last review. I still think
  theStack:
    Code-review ACK b31a0cd037

Tree-SHA512: de422dbeb479848d370aed42d415f42461457ab0eda62b245dc7ff9f0e111626e7d4c0d62ff13082ec664d05fbb0db04c71eb4b6f22eb8f19198826a67c4035e

src/node/interfaces.cpp

@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ public:
     void initParameterInteraction() override { InitParameterInteraction(args()); }
     bilingual_str getWarnings() override { return Join(Assert(m_context->warnings)->GetMessages(), Untranslated("<hr />")); }
     int getExitStatus() override { return Assert(m_context)->exit_status.load(); }
-    uint32_t getLogCategories() override { return LogInstance().GetCategoryMask(); }
+    BCLog::CategoryMask getLogCategories() override { return LogInstance().GetCategoryMask(); }
     bool baseInitialize() override
     {
         if (!AppInitBasicSetup(args(), Assert(context())->exit_status)) return false;