Return EXIT_FAILURE on post-init fatal errors

It seems odd to return `EXIT_SUCCESS` when the node aborted
execution due a fatal internal error or any post-init problem
that triggers an unrequested shutdown.

e.g. blocks or coins db I/O errors, disconnect block failure,
failure during thread import (external blocks loading process
error), among others.

Co-authored-by: Ryan Ofsky <ryan@ofsky.org>

src/bitcoind.cpp

@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ static bool AppInit(NodeContext& node, int argc, char* argv[])
         // Set this early so that parameter interactions go to console
         InitLogging(args);
         InitParameterInteraction(args);
-        if (!AppInitBasicSetup(args)) {
+        if (!AppInitBasicSetup(args, node.exit_status)) {
             // InitError will have been called with detailed error, which ends up on console
             return false;
         }
@@ -238,6 +238,8 @@ static bool AppInit(NodeContext& node, int argc, char* argv[])
     SetSyscallSandboxPolicy(SyscallSandboxPolicy::SHUTOFF);
     if (fRet) {
         WaitForShutdown();
+    } else {
+        node.exit_status = EXIT_FAILURE;
     }
     Interrupt(node);
     Shutdown(node);
@@ -264,5 +266,5 @@ MAIN_FUNCTION
     // Connect bitcoind signal handlers
     noui_connect();
 
-    return (AppInit(node, argc, argv) ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE);
+    return AppInit(node, argc, argv) ? node.exit_status.load() : EXIT_FAILURE;
 }

src/init.cpp

@@ -800,7 +800,7 @@ std::set<BlockFilterType> g_enabled_filter_types;
     std::terminate();
 };
 
-bool AppInitBasicSetup(const ArgsManager& args)
+bool AppInitBasicSetup(const ArgsManager& args, std::atomic<int>& exit_status)
 {
     // ********************************************************* Step 1: setup
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
@@ -814,7 +814,7 @@ bool AppInitBasicSetup(const ArgsManager& args)
     // Enable heap terminate-on-corruption
     HeapSetInformation(nullptr, HeapEnableTerminationOnCorruption, nullptr, 0);
 #endif
-    if (!InitShutdownState()) {
+    if (!InitShutdownState(exit_status)) {
         return InitError(Untranslated("Initializing wait-for-shutdown state failed."));
     }
 

src/init.h

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ void InitParameterInteraction(ArgsManager& args);
  *  @note This can be done before daemonization. Do not call Shutdown() if this function fails.
  *  @pre Parameters should be parsed and config file should be read.
  */
-bool AppInitBasicSetup(const ArgsManager& args);
+bool AppInitBasicSetup(const ArgsManager& args, std::atomic<int>& exit_status);
 /**
  * Initialization: parameter interaction.
  * @note This can be done before daemonization. Do not call Shutdown() if this function fails.

src/node/context.h

@@ -7,7 +7,9 @@
 
 #include <kernel/context.h>
 
+#include <atomic>
 #include <cassert>
+#include <cstdlib>
 #include <functional>
 #include <memory>
 #include <vector>
@@ -65,6 +67,7 @@ struct NodeContext {
     std::unique_ptr<CScheduler> scheduler;
     std::function<void()> rpc_interruption_point = [] {};
     std::unique_ptr<KernelNotifications> notifications;
+    std::atomic<int> exit_status{EXIT_SUCCESS};
 
     //! Declare default constructor and destructor that are not inline, so code
     //! instantiating the NodeContext struct doesn't need to #include class

src/node/interfaces.cpp

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ public:
     uint32_t getLogCategories() override { return LogInstance().GetCategoryMask(); }
     bool baseInitialize() override
     {
-        if (!AppInitBasicSetup(args())) return false;
+        if (!AppInitBasicSetup(args(), Assert(context())->exit_status)) return false;
         if (!AppInitParameterInteraction(args(), /*use_syscall_sandbox=*/false)) return false;
 
         m_context->kernel = std::make_unique<kernel::Context>();

src/shutdown.cpp

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 
 #include <logging.h>
 #include <node/interface_ui.h>
+#include <util/check.h>
 #include <util/tokenpipe.h>
 #include <warnings.h>
 
@@ -20,6 +21,8 @@
 #include <condition_variable>
 #endif
 
+static std::atomic<int>* g_exit_status{nullptr};
+
 bool AbortNode(const std::string& strMessage, bilingual_str user_message)
 {
     SetMiscWarning(Untranslated(strMessage));
@@ -28,6 +31,7 @@ bool AbortNode(const std::string& strMessage, bilingual_str user_message)
         user_message = _("A fatal internal error occurred, see debug.log for details");
     }
     InitError(user_message);
+    Assert(g_exit_status)->store(EXIT_FAILURE);
     StartShutdown();
     return false;
 }
@@ -44,8 +48,9 @@ static TokenPipeEnd g_shutdown_r;
 static TokenPipeEnd g_shutdown_w;
 #endif
 
-bool InitShutdownState()
+bool InitShutdownState(std::atomic<int>& exit_status)
 {
+    g_exit_status = &exit_status;
 #ifndef WIN32
     std::optional<TokenPipe> pipe = TokenPipe::Make();
     if (!pipe) return false;

src/shutdown.h

@@ -8,13 +8,15 @@
 
 #include <util/translation.h> // For bilingual_str
 
+#include <atomic>
+
 /** Abort with a message */
 bool AbortNode(const std::string& strMessage, bilingual_str user_message = bilingual_str{});
 
 /** Initialize shutdown state. This must be called before using either StartShutdown(),
  * AbortShutdown() or WaitForShutdown(). Calling ShutdownRequested() is always safe.
  */
-bool InitShutdownState();
+bool InitShutdownState(std::atomic<int>& exit_status);
 
 /** Request shutdown of the application. */
 void StartShutdown();

test/functional/feature_abortnode.py

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class AbortNodeTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
 
             # Check that node0 aborted
             self.log.info("Waiting for crash")
-            self.nodes[0].wait_until_stopped(timeout=5)
+            self.nodes[0].wait_until_stopped(timeout=5, expect_error=True)
         self.log.info("Node crashed - now verifying restart fails")
         self.nodes[0].assert_start_raises_init_error()
 

test/functional/test_framework/test_node.py

@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ class TestNode():
         if wait_until_stopped:
             self.wait_until_stopped()
 
-    def is_node_stopped(self):
+    def is_node_stopped(self, expected_ret_code=None):
         """Checks whether the node has stopped.
 
         Returns True if the node has stopped. False otherwise.
@@ -377,8 +377,13 @@ class TestNode():
             return False
 
         # process has stopped. Assert that it didn't return an error code.
-        assert return_code == 0, self._node_msg(
+        # unless 'expected_ret_code' is provided.
-            "Node returned non-zero exit code (%d) when stopping" % return_code)
+        if expected_ret_code is not None:
+            assert return_code == expected_ret_code, self._node_msg(
+                "Node returned unexpected exit code (%d) vs (%d) when stopping" % (return_code, expected_ret_code))
+        else:
+            assert return_code == 0, self._node_msg(
+                "Node returned non-zero exit code (%d) when stopping" % return_code)
         self.running = False
         self.process = None
         self.rpc_connected = False
@@ -386,8 +391,9 @@ class TestNode():
         self.log.debug("Node stopped")
         return True
 
-    def wait_until_stopped(self, timeout=BITCOIND_PROC_WAIT_TIMEOUT):
+    def wait_until_stopped(self, timeout=BITCOIND_PROC_WAIT_TIMEOUT, expect_error=False):
-        wait_until_helper(self.is_node_stopped, timeout=timeout, timeout_factor=self.timeout_factor)
+        expected_ret_code = 1 if expect_error else None  # Whether node shutdown return EXIT_FAILURE or EXIT_SUCCESS
+        wait_until_helper(lambda: self.is_node_stopped(expected_ret_code=expected_ret_code), timeout=timeout, timeout_factor=self.timeout_factor)
 
     def replace_in_config(self, replacements):
         """