cmake: Add NO_CACHE_IF_FAILED option for checking linker flags

Use it for checking `-fsanitize`.

This change improves the user experience when the configuration step
fails due to a missing library. Now, there is no need to manually clean
the CMake cache after installing the required library.

Github-Pull: #32027
Rebased-From: 52ac17757e

cmake/module/TryAppendLinkerFlag.cmake

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ In configuration output, this function prints a string by the following pattern:
 function(try_append_linker_flag flag)
   cmake_parse_arguments(PARSE_ARGV 1
     TALF                              # prefix
-    ""                                # options
+    "NO_CACHE_IF_FAILED"              # options
     "TARGET;VAR;SOURCE;RESULT_VAR"    # one_value_keywords
     "IF_CHECK_PASSED"                 # multi_value_keywords
   )
@@ -68,6 +68,10 @@ function(try_append_linker_flag flag)
   if(DEFINED TALF_RESULT_VAR)
     set(${TALF_RESULT_VAR} "${${result}}" PARENT_SCOPE)
   endif()
+
+  if(NOT ${result} AND TALF_NO_CACHE_IF_FAILED)
+    unset(${result} CACHE)
+  endif()
 endfunction()
 
 if(MSVC)