Merge bitcoin/bitcoin#32673: clang-tidy: Apply modernize-deprecated-headers

fa9ca13f35 refactor: Sort includes of touched source files (MarcoFalke)
facb152697 scripted-diff: Bump copyright headers after include changes (MarcoFalke)
fae71d30f7 clang-tidy: Apply modernize-deprecated-headers (MarcoFalke)

Pull request description:

  Bitcoin Core is written in C++, so it is confusing to sometimes use the deprecated C headers (with the `.h` extension). For example, it is less clear whether `string.h` refers to the file in this repo or the cstring stdlib header (https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/31308#discussion_r2121492797).

  The check is currently disabled for headers, to exclude subtree headers.

ACKs for top commit:
  l0rinc:
    ACK fa9ca13f35
  achow101:
    ACK fa9ca13f35
  janb84:
    ACK fa9ca13f35
  stickies-v:
    ACK fa9ca13f35

Tree-SHA512: 6639608308c598d612e24435aa519afe92d71b955874b87e527245291fb874b67f3ab95d3a0a5125c6adce5eb41c0d62f6ca488fbbfd60a94f2063d734173f4d

src/test/fuzz/addrman.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2020-2022 The Bitcoin Core developers
+// Copyright (c) 2020-present The Bitcoin Core developers
 // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
 // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
 
@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@
 #include <test/fuzz/util.h>
 #include <test/fuzz/util/net.h>
 #include <test/util/setup_common.h>
-#include <time.h>
 #include <util/asmap.h>
 #include <util/chaintype.h>
 
 #include <cassert>
 #include <cstdint>
+#include <ctime>
 #include <optional>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>

src/test/fuzz/asmap_direct.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2020-2021 The Bitcoin Core developers
+// Copyright (c) 2020-present The Bitcoin Core developers
 // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
 // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
 
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #include <optional>
 #include <vector>
 
-#include <assert.h>
+#include <cassert>
 
 FUZZ_TARGET(asmap_direct)
 {

src/test/fuzz/cluster_linearize.cpp

@@ -6,16 +6,16 @@
 #include <random.h>
 #include <serialize.h>
 #include <streams.h>
-#include <test/fuzz/fuzz.h>
 #include <test/fuzz/FuzzedDataProvider.h>
+#include <test/fuzz/fuzz.h>
 #include <test/util/cluster_linearize.h>
 #include <util/bitset.h>
 #include <util/feefrac.h>
 
 #include <algorithm>
-#include <stdint.h>
-#include <vector>
+#include <cstdint>
 #include <utility>
+#include <vector>
 
 using namespace cluster_linearize;
 

src/test/fuzz/coinscache_sim.cpp

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2023 The Bitcoin Core developers
+// Copyright (c) 2023-present The Bitcoin Core developers
 // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
 // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
 
 #include <coins.h>
 #include <crypto/sha256.h>
 #include <primitives/transaction.h>
-#include <test/fuzz/fuzz.h>
 #include <test/fuzz/FuzzedDataProvider.h>
+#include <test/fuzz/fuzz.h>
 #include <test/fuzz/util.h>
 
-#include <assert.h>
-#include <optional>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cstdint>
 #include <memory>
-#include <stdint.h>
+#include <optional>
 #include <vector>
 
 namespace {

src/test/fuzz/deserialize.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2009-2021 The Bitcoin Core developers
+// Copyright (c) 2009-present The Bitcoin Core developers
 // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
 // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
 
@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@
 #include <test/util/setup_common.h>
 #include <undo.h>
 
+#include <cstdint>
 #include <exception>
 #include <optional>
 #include <stdexcept>
-#include <stdint.h>
 
 using node::SnapshotMetadata;
 

src/test/fuzz/feeratediagram.cpp

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
 // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
 
-#include <stdint.h>
+#include <cstdint>
 
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 #include <test/fuzz/fuzz.h>
 #include <test/fuzz/util.h>
 
-#include <assert.h>
+#include <cassert>
 
 namespace {
 

src/test/fuzz/txgraph.cpp

@@ -2,20 +2,20 @@
 // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
 // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
 
-#include <txgraph.h>
 #include <cluster_linearize.h>
-#include <test/fuzz/fuzz.h>
 #include <test/fuzz/FuzzedDataProvider.h>
+#include <test/fuzz/fuzz.h>
 #include <test/util/random.h>
+#include <txgraph.h>
 #include <util/bitset.h>
 #include <util/feefrac.h>
 
 #include <algorithm>
+#include <cstdint>
 #include <iterator>
 #include <map>
 #include <memory>
 #include <set>
-#include <stdint.h>
 #include <utility>
 
 using namespace cluster_linearize;

src/test/fuzz/vecdeque.cpp

@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@
 #include <test/fuzz/util.h>
 #include <util/vecdeque.h>
 
+#include <cstdint>
 #include <deque>
-#include <stdint.h>
 
 namespace {