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Merge #14161: doc/descriptors.md tweaks

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eeeaa29214 descriptors.md: Refer to descriptors as describing instead of matching (Russell Yanofsky)
eb49412562 doc/descriptors.md tweaks (Russell Yanofsky)

Pull request description:

  Add some implementation details, and tweak phrasing in examples section to be more explicit about how expressions are used for matching.

Tree-SHA512: a9dc7bc0fc370548189a789f31c04bd11103cdd2a99bcb909fa1b1dfa4e78509813dad5d5c9e3db98d66929f45cb5704f5c46ab4cbd800fef22cd8465f80ef33
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MarcoFalke 2018-10-20 23:13:19 -03:00
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@ -22,19 +22,19 @@ Output descriptors currently support:
## Examples ## Examples
- `pk(0279be667ef9dcbbac55a06295ce870b07029bfcdb2dce28d959f2815b16f81798)` represents a P2PK output. - `pk(0279be667ef9dcbbac55a06295ce870b07029bfcdb2dce28d959f2815b16f81798)` describes a P2PK output with the specified public key.
- `pkh(02c6047f9441ed7d6d3045406e95c07cd85c778e4b8cef3ca7abac09b95c709ee5)` represents a P2PKH output. - `pkh(02c6047f9441ed7d6d3045406e95c07cd85c778e4b8cef3ca7abac09b95c709ee5)` describes a P2PKH output with the specified public key.
- `wpkh(02f9308a019258c31049344f85f89d5229b531c845836f99b08601f113bce036f9)` represents a P2WPKH output. - `wpkh(02f9308a019258c31049344f85f89d5229b531c845836f99b08601f113bce036f9)` describes a P2WPKH output with the specified public key.
- `sh(wpkh(03fff97bd5755eeea420453a14355235d382f6472f8568a18b2f057a1460297556))` represents a P2SH-P2WPKH output. - `sh(wpkh(03fff97bd5755eeea420453a14355235d382f6472f8568a18b2f057a1460297556))` describes a P2SH-P2WPKH output with the specified public key.
- `combo(0279be667ef9dcbbac55a06295ce870b07029bfcdb2dce28d959f2815b16f81798)` represents a P2PK, P2PKH, P2WPKH, and P2SH-P2WPKH output. - `combo(0279be667ef9dcbbac55a06295ce870b07029bfcdb2dce28d959f2815b16f81798)` describes any P2PK, P2PKH, P2WPKH, or P2SH-P2WPKH output with the specified public key.
- `sh(wsh(pkh(02e493dbf1c10d80f3581e4904930b1404cc6c13900ee0758474fa94abe8c4cd13)))` represents a (overly complicated) P2SH-P2WSH-P2PKH output. - `sh(wsh(pkh(02e493dbf1c10d80f3581e4904930b1404cc6c13900ee0758474fa94abe8c4cd13)))` describes an (overly complicated) P2SH-P2WSH-P2PKH output with the specified public key.
- `multi(1,022f8bde4d1a07209355b4a7250a5c5128e88b84bddc619ab7cba8d569b240efe4,025cbdf0646e5db4eaa398f365f2ea7a0e3d419b7e0330e39ce92bddedcac4f9bc)` represents a bare *1-of-2* multisig. - `multi(1,022f8bde4d1a07209355b4a7250a5c5128e88b84bddc619ab7cba8d569b240efe4,025cbdf0646e5db4eaa398f365f2ea7a0e3d419b7e0330e39ce92bddedcac4f9bc)` describes a bare *1-of-2* multisig output with keys in the specified order.
- `sh(multi(2,022f01e5e15cca351daff3843fb70f3c2f0a1bdd05e5af888a67784ef3e10a2a01,03acd484e2f0c7f65309ad178a9f559abde09796974c57e714c35f110dfc27ccbe))` represents a P2SH *2-of-2* multisig. - `sh(multi(2,022f01e5e15cca351daff3843fb70f3c2f0a1bdd05e5af888a67784ef3e10a2a01,03acd484e2f0c7f65309ad178a9f559abde09796974c57e714c35f110dfc27ccbe))` describes a P2SH *2-of-2* multisig output with keys in the specified order.
- `wsh(multi(2,03a0434d9e47f3c86235477c7b1ae6ae5d3442d49b1943c2b752a68e2a47e247c7,03774ae7f858a9411e5ef4246b70c65aac5649980be5c17891bbec17895da008cb,03d01115d548e7561b15c38f004d734633687cf4419620095bc5b0f47070afe85a))` represents a P2WSH *2-of-3* multisig. - `wsh(multi(2,03a0434d9e47f3c86235477c7b1ae6ae5d3442d49b1943c2b752a68e2a47e247c7,03774ae7f858a9411e5ef4246b70c65aac5649980be5c17891bbec17895da008cb,03d01115d548e7561b15c38f004d734633687cf4419620095bc5b0f47070afe85a))` describes a P2WSH *2-of-3* multisig output with keys in the specified order.
- `sh(wsh(multi(1,03f28773c2d975288bc7d1d205c3748651b075fbc6610e58cddeeddf8f19405aa8,03499fdf9e895e719cfd64e67f07d38e3226aa7b63678949e6e49b241a60e823e4,02d7924d4f7d43ea965a465ae3095ff41131e5946f3c85f79e44adbcf8e27e080e)))` represents a P2SH-P2WSH *1-of-3* multisig. - `sh(wsh(multi(1,03f28773c2d975288bc7d1d205c3748651b075fbc6610e58cddeeddf8f19405aa8,03499fdf9e895e719cfd64e67f07d38e3226aa7b63678949e6e49b241a60e823e4,02d7924d4f7d43ea965a465ae3095ff41131e5946f3c85f79e44adbcf8e27e080e)))` describes a P2SH-P2WSH *1-of-3* multisig output with keys in the specified order.
- `pk(xpub661MyMwAqRbcFtXgS5sYJABqqG9YLmC4Q1Rdap9gSE8NqtwybGhePY2gZ29ESFjqJoCu1Rupje8YtGqsefD265TMg7usUDFdp6W1EGMcet8)` refers to a single P2PK output, using the public key part from the specified xpub. - `pk(xpub661MyMwAqRbcFtXgS5sYJABqqG9YLmC4Q1Rdap9gSE8NqtwybGhePY2gZ29ESFjqJoCu1Rupje8YtGqsefD265TMg7usUDFdp6W1EGMcet8)` describes a P2PK output with the public key of the specified xpub.
- `pkh(xpub68Gmy5EdvgibQVfPdqkBBCHxA5htiqg55crXYuXoQRKfDBFA1WEjWgP6LHhwBZeNK1VTsfTFUHCdrfp1bgwQ9xv5ski8PX9rL2dZXvgGDnw/1'/2)` refers to a single P2PKH output, using child key *1'/2* of the specified xpub. - `pkh(xpub68Gmy5EdvgibQVfPdqkBBCHxA5htiqg55crXYuXoQRKfDBFA1WEjWgP6LHhwBZeNK1VTsfTFUHCdrfp1bgwQ9xv5ski8PX9rL2dZXvgGDnw/1'/2)` describes a P2PKH output with child key *1'/2* of the specified xpub.
- `wsh(multi(1,xpub661MyMwAqRbcFW31YEwpkMuc5THy2PSt5bDMsktWQcFF8syAmRUapSCGu8ED9W6oDMSgv6Zz8idoc4a6mr8BDzTJY47LJhkJ8UB7WEGuduB/1/0/*,xpub69H7F5d8KSRgmmdJg2KhpAK8SR3DjMwAdkxj3ZuxV27CprR9LgpeyGmXUbC6wb7ERfvrnKZjXoUmmDznezpbZb7ap6r1D3tgFxHmwMkQTPH/1/0/*))` refers to a chain of *1-of-2* P2WSH multisig outputs, using public keys taken from two HD chains with corresponding derivation paths. - `wsh(multi(1,xpub661MyMwAqRbcFW31YEwpkMuc5THy2PSt5bDMsktWQcFF8syAmRUapSCGu8ED9W6oDMSgv6Zz8idoc4a6mr8BDzTJY47LJhkJ8UB7WEGuduB/1/0/*,xpub69H7F5d8KSRgmmdJg2KhpAK8SR3DjMwAdkxj3ZuxV27CprR9LgpeyGmXUbC6wb7ERfvrnKZjXoUmmDznezpbZb7ap6r1D3tgFxHmwMkQTPH/0/0/*))` describes a set of *1-of-2* P2WSH multisig outputs where the first multisig key is the *1/0/`i`* child of the first specified xpub and the second multisig key is the *0/0/`i`* child of the second specified xpub, and `i` is any number in a configurable range (`0-1000` by default).
## Reference ## Reference
@ -91,6 +91,15 @@ on Bitcoin's OP_CHECKMULTISIG opcode. To support these, we introduce the
multisig policy, where any *k* out of the *n* provided public keys must multisig policy, where any *k* out of the *n* provided public keys must
sign. sign.
Key order is significant. A `multi()` expression describes a multisig script
with keys in the specified order, and in a search for TXOs, it will not match
outputs with multisig scriptPubKeys that have the same keys in a different
order. Also, to prevent a combinatorial explosion of the search space, if more
than one of the `multi()` key arguments is a BIP32 wildcard path ending in `/*`
or `*'`, the `multi()` expression only matches multisig scripts with the `i`th
child key from each wildcard path in lockstep, rather than scripts with any
combination of child keys from each wildcard path.
### BIP32 derived keys and chains ### BIP32 derived keys and chains
Most modern wallet software and hardware uses keys that are derived using Most modern wallet software and hardware uses keys that are derived using
@ -101,7 +110,7 @@ path consists of a sequence of 0 or more integers (in the range
*0..2<sup>31</sup>-1*) each optionally followed by `'` or `h`, and *0..2<sup>31</sup>-1*) each optionally followed by `'` or `h`, and
separated by `/` characters. The string may optionally end with the separated by `/` characters. The string may optionally end with the
literal `/*` or `/*'` (or `/*h`) to refer to all unhardened or hardened literal `/*` or `/*'` (or `/*h`) to refer to all unhardened or hardened
child keys instead. child keys in a configurable range (by default `0-1000`, inclusive).
Whenever a public key is described using a hardened derivation step, the Whenever a public key is described using a hardened derivation step, the
script cannot be computed without access to the corresponding private script cannot be computed without access to the corresponding private
@ -119,6 +128,6 @@ steps, or for dumping wallet descriptors including private key material.
In order to easily represent the sets of scripts currently supported by In order to easily represent the sets of scripts currently supported by
existing Bitcoin Core wallets, a convenience function `combo` is existing Bitcoin Core wallets, a convenience function `combo` is
provided, which takes as input a public key, and constructs the P2PK, provided, which takes as input a public key, and describes a set of P2PK,
P2PKH, P2WPKH, and P2SH-P2WPH scripts for that key. In case the key is P2PKH, P2WPKH, and P2SH-P2WPH scripts for that key. In case the key is
uncompressed, it only constructs P2PK and P2PKH. uncompressed, the set only includes P2PK and P2PKH scripts.