Merge bitcoin/bitcoin#33626: ci: run native fuzz with MSAN job

1e6e32fa8a ci: run native fuzz with MSAN job (fanquake)
3784d15bcd ci: use LLVM libcxx 21.1.5 (fanquake)

Pull request description:

  I think this job should exist in this repo (not just qa-assets), if the alternative is double-handling changes to the interpreter. #32998 made changes which were then re-changed in #33600, to work around a false positive.

  The unchached runtime of this job with `-lg` is `~32m`, with `-md` it's `~43m`.

  Timeout is set to 150m, as the slow GHA runners were close to hitting a 120m limit.

ACKs for top commit:
  maflcko:
    lgtm ACK 1e6e32fa8a
  dergoegge:
    utACK 1e6e32fa8a

Tree-SHA512: afd4cb0039f4f49ddc23f5553a5bf6d5ceffbc12d91acd6890d5cc40c30b7421b23d04f305983d94c862daa6fc07535b1331d7fa2a8ebfe9f19c20d83d95c692

ci/test/01_base_install.sh

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ if [ -n "$PIP_PACKAGES" ]; then
 fi
 
 if [[ -n "${USE_INSTRUMENTED_LIBCPP}" ]]; then
-  ${CI_RETRY_EXE} git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project -b "llvmorg-21.1.1" /llvm-project
+  ${CI_RETRY_EXE} git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project -b "llvmorg-21.1.5" /llvm-project
 
   cmake -G Ninja -B /cxx_build/ \
     -DLLVM_ENABLE_RUNTIMES="libcxx;libcxxabi;libunwind" \