Merge bitcoin/bitcoin#31172: build: increase minimum supported Windows to 10.0

ee1128ead8 doc: update stack-clash-protection comment re mingw-w64 (fanquake)
bf47448f15 test: drop check for Windows < 10 (fanquake)
35b898c47f release: target Windows 10 or later (fanquake)
398754e70b depends: target Windows 10 when building for mingw-w64 (fanquake)

Pull request description:

  Follows up to https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/31048#discussion_r1803165670.

  We definitely cannot claim that Bitcoin Core is "supported and extensively tested on" on Windows 7.

  Note that #30997 is also increasing the minimum required Windows version (for the GUI) to 10.

ACKs for top commit:
  hodlinator:
    cr-ACK ee1128ead8
  davidgumberg:
    ACK ee1128ead8
  achow101:
    ACK ee1128ead8
  hebasto:
    re-ACK ee1128ead8, only rebased, a commit message and a comment have been amended since my recent [review](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/31172#pullrequestreview-2415452160).
  TheCharlatan:
    ACK ee1128ead8

Tree-SHA512: 245e0bac3d63414d919a1948661fef4ff79359faaacaf19d64abd91cc62e822797fb1cf3379e340bfdf9a85c0b88fd99a90eda450dd4218b6213ab78aefb1374

doc/release-notes-empty-template.md

@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ codesign -s - bitcoin-cli bitcoin-qt bitcoin-tx bitcoin-util bitcoin-wallet bitc
 Compatibility
 ==============
 
-Bitcoin Core is supported and extensively tested on operating systems
-using the Linux Kernel 3.17+, macOS 13.0+, and Windows 7 and newer. Bitcoin
+Bitcoin Core is supported and tested on operating systems using the
+Linux Kernel 3.17+, macOS 13.0+, and Windows 10 and newer. Bitcoin
 Core should also work on most other Unix-like systems but is not as
 frequently tested on them. It is not recommended to use Bitcoin Core on
 unsupported systems.