Merge bitcoin/bitcoin#31844: cmake: add a component for each binary

9b033bebb1 cmake: rename Kernel component to bitcoinkernel for consistency (Cory Fields)
2e0c92558e cmake: add and use install_binary_component (Cory Fields)
0264c5d86c cmake: use per-target components for bitcoin-qt and bitcoin-gui (Cory Fields)
fb0546b1c5 ci: don't try to install for a fuzz build (Cory Fields)

Pull request description:

  This makes it possible to build/install only the desired binaries regardless of the configuration.
  For consistency, the component names match the binary names. `Kernel` and `GUI` have been renamed.

  Additionally it fixes #31762 by installing only the manpages for the configured targets (and includes them in the component installs for each).

  Also fixes #31745.

  Alternative to #31765 which is (imo) more correct/thorough.

  Can be tested using (for ex):
  ```bash
  $ cmake -B build
  $ cmake --build build -t bitcoind -t bitcoin-cli
  $ cmake --install build --component bitcoind
  $ cmake --install build --component bitcoin-cli
  ```

ACKs for top commit:
  hebasto:
    ACK 9b033bebb1.
  TheCharlatan:
    Re-ACK 9b033bebb1
  stickies-v:
    re-ACK 9b033bebb1

Tree-SHA512: fd4818e76f190dbeafbf0c246b466f829771902c9d6d7111ed917093b811c8a5536a4a45e20708f73e7f581d6cb77c8e61cfa69e065788dcf0886792f553a355

ci/test/00_setup_env_mac_native_fuzz.sh

@@ -14,3 +14,4 @@ export OSX_SDK=""
 export RUN_UNIT_TESTS=false
 export RUN_FUNCTIONAL_TESTS=false
 export RUN_FUZZ_TESTS=true
+export GOAL="all"

ci/test/00_setup_env_native_fuzz.sh

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ export NO_DEPENDS=1
 export RUN_UNIT_TESTS=false
 export RUN_FUNCTIONAL_TESTS=false
 export RUN_FUZZ_TESTS=true
-export GOAL="install"
+export GOAL="all"
 export CI_CONTAINER_CAP="--cap-add SYS_PTRACE"  # If run with (ASan + LSan), the container needs access to ptrace (https://github.com/google/sanitizers/issues/764)
 export BITCOIN_CONFIG="\
  -DBUILD_FOR_FUZZING=ON \