deps: bump lief to 0.16.6

Some of the primary changes are:
- lief.EXE_FORMATS became lief.Binary.FORMATS IN 0.14.0
        - 494f116c6b/doc/sphinx/changelog.rst (L702)
- lief.ARCHITECTURES became lief.Header.ARCHITECTURES in 0.16.0
        - 494f116c6b/doc/sphinx/changelog.rst (L226C18-L227C18)
- lief.ELF.ARCH.x86_64 became lief.ELF.ARCH.X86_64

This commit includes a workaround for the bug fixed in
https://github.com/lief-project/LIEF/pull/1218, but the workaround can
be kept, since it makes `has_nx` checks stricter by enforcing both heap
and stack are non-executable.

This change also requires a patch to partially revert a commit to LIEF
(f23ced2f4f)
which broke compatibility with versions of scikit-build-core <= 0.10.x.

This patch can be dropped once the guix time machine advances to or
beyond 35c5f07e96,
which bumps the scikit-build-core version in guix from 0.9.3 to 0.10.7.

Co-authored-by: willcl-ark <will8clark@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: fanquake <fanquake@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Hennadii Stepanov <32963518+hebasto@users.noreply.github.com>

ci/lint/04_install.sh

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ python3 --version
 
 ${CI_RETRY_EXE} pip3 install \
   codespell==2.4.1 \
-  lief==0.13.2 \
+  lief==0.16.6 \
   mypy==1.4.1 \
   pyzmq==25.1.0 \
   ruff==0.5.5 \