Merge bitcoin/bitcoin#34465: refactor: separate log generation from log handling

37cc2a2d95 logging: use util/log.h where possible (stickies-v)
bb8e9e7c4c logging: Move message formatting to util/log.h (stickies-v)
001f0a428e move-only: Move logging macros to util/log.h (stickies-v)
94c0adf4e8 move-onlyish: Move logging levels to util/log.h (stickies-v)
56d113cab0 move-only: move logging categories to logging/categories.h (stickies-v)
f5233f7e98 move-only: Move SourceLocation to util/log.h (stickies-v)

Pull request description:

  This is a mostly move-only change. It's a small refactoring that allows logging macros to be used by including a simple `util/log.h` header instead of the full `logging.h` logging implementation. Most of the changes here were cherry-picked from #34374.

  Original motivation for this change was to reduce the size and complexity of #34374 (kernel structured logging PR) and reduce the number of conflicts it causes with other PRs. But this should also make sense as a standalone change to have a clearer separation of concerns between log generation and log handling, and avoid needing to depend on the whole logging framework in call sites that only emit log messages.

  Recommended to review with `--color-moved=dimmed-zebra --color-moved-ws=ignore-all-space`

ACKs for top commit:
  l0rinc:
    diff ACK 37cc2a2d95
  stickies-v:
    re-ACK 37cc2a2d95
  optout21:
    crACK 37cc2a2d95
  sedited:
    ACK 37cc2a2d95

Tree-SHA512: c7a761323ae63f07ad290d4e3766ba1348a132c8cc68a9895fa9ae5c89206599c00646c42ef77223ac757b9d8bfe6c181bead15e7058e4d8966b3bac88a8f950

src/kernel/chainparams.cpp

@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@
 #include <crypto/hex_base.h>
 #include <hash.h>
 #include <kernel/messagestartchars.h>
-#include <logging.h>
 #include <primitives/block.h>
 #include <primitives/transaction.h>
 #include <script/interpreter.h>
 #include <script/script.h>
 #include <uint256.h>
 #include <util/chaintype.h>
+#include <util/log.h>
 #include <util/strencodings.h>
 
 #include <algorithm>

src/kernel/coinstats.cpp

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 #include <coins.h>
 #include <crypto/muhash.h>
 #include <hash.h>
-#include <logging.h>
 #include <node/blockstorage.h>
 #include <primitives/transaction.h>
 #include <script/script.h>
@@ -17,6 +16,7 @@
 #include <sync.h>
 #include <uint256.h>
 #include <util/check.h>
+#include <util/log.h>
 #include <util/overflow.h>
 #include <validation.h>
 

src/kernel/context.cpp

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
 #include <kernel/context.h>
 
 #include <crypto/sha256.h>
-#include <logging.h>
 #include <random.h>
+#include <util/log.h>
 
 #include <mutex>
 #include <string>