Merge #16899: UTXO snapshot creation (dumptxoutset)

92b2f5306b test: add dumptxoutset RPC test (James O'Beirne)
c1ccbc3dde devtools: add utxo_snapshot.sh (James O'Beirne)
57cf74c991 rpc: add dumptxoutset (James O'Beirne)
92fafb3a7d coinstats: add coins_count (James O'Beirne)
707fde7b9b add unused SnapshotMetadata class (James O'Beirne)

Pull request description:

  This is part of the [assumeutxo project](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/projects/11):

  Parent PR: #15606
  Issue: #15605
  Specification: https://github.com/jamesob/assumeutxo-docs/tree/master/proposal

  ---

  This changeset defines the serialization format for UTXO snapshots and adds an RPC command for creating them, `dumptxoutset`. It also adds a convenience script for generating and verifying snapshots at a certain height, since that requires doing a hacky rewind of the chain via `invalidateblock`.

  All of this is unused at the moment.

ACKs for top commit:
  laanwj:
    ACK 92b2f5306b

Tree-SHA512: 200dff87767f157d627e99506ec543465d9329860a6cd49363081619c437163a640a46d008faa92b1f44fd403bfc7a7c9e851c658b5a4849efa9a34ca976bf31

src/node/coinstats.cpp

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ static void ApplyStats(CCoinsStats &stats, CHashWriter& ss, const uint256& hash,
 //! Calculate statistics about the unspent transaction output set
 bool GetUTXOStats(CCoinsView *view, CCoinsStats &stats)
 {
+    stats = CCoinsStats();
     std::unique_ptr<CCoinsViewCursor> pcursor(view->Cursor());
     assert(pcursor);
 
@@ -61,6 +62,7 @@ bool GetUTXOStats(CCoinsView *view, CCoinsStats &stats)
             }
             prevkey = key.hash;
             outputs[key.n] = std::move(coin);
+            stats.coins_count++;
         } else {
             return error("%s: unable to read value", __func__);
         }

src/node/coinstats.h

@@ -15,16 +15,17 @@ class CCoinsView;
 
 struct CCoinsStats
 {
-    int nHeight;
-    uint256 hashBlock;
-    uint64_t nTransactions;
-    uint64_t nTransactionOutputs;
-    uint64_t nBogoSize;
-    uint256 hashSerialized;
-    uint64_t nDiskSize;
-    CAmount nTotalAmount;
+    int nHeight{0};
+    uint256 hashBlock{};
+    uint64_t nTransactions{0};
+    uint64_t nTransactionOutputs{0};
+    uint64_t nBogoSize{0};
+    uint256 hashSerialized{};
+    uint64_t nDiskSize{0};
+    CAmount nTotalAmount{0};
 
-    CCoinsStats() : nHeight(0), nTransactions(0), nTransactionOutputs(0), nBogoSize(0), nDiskSize(0), nTotalAmount(0) {}
+    //! The number of coins contained.
+    uint64_t coins_count{0};
 };
 
 //! Calculate statistics about the unspent transaction output set

src/node/utxo_snapshot.h

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
+// Copyright (c) 2009-2019 The Bitcoin Core developers
+// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
+// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
+
+#ifndef BITCOIN_NODE_UTXO_SNAPSHOT_H
+#define BITCOIN_NODE_UTXO_SNAPSHOT_H
+
+#include <uint256.h>
+#include <serialize.h>
+
+//! Metadata describing a serialized version of a UTXO set from which an
+//! assumeutxo CChainState can be constructed.
+class SnapshotMetadata
+{
+public:
+    //! The hash of the block that reflects the tip of the chain for the
+    //! UTXO set contained in this snapshot.
+    uint256 m_base_blockhash;
+
+    //! The number of coins in the UTXO set contained in this snapshot. Used
+    //! during snapshot load to estimate progress of UTXO set reconstruction.
+    uint64_t m_coins_count = 0;
+
+    //! Necessary to "fake" the base nChainTx so that we can estimate progress during
+    //! initial block download for the assumeutxo chainstate.
+    unsigned int m_nchaintx = 0;
+
+    SnapshotMetadata() { }
+    SnapshotMetadata(
+        const uint256& base_blockhash,
+        uint64_t coins_count,
+        unsigned int nchaintx) :
+            m_base_blockhash(base_blockhash),
+            m_coins_count(coins_count),
+            m_nchaintx(nchaintx) { }
+
+    ADD_SERIALIZE_METHODS;
+
+    template <typename Stream, typename Operation>
+    inline void SerializationOp(Stream& s, Operation ser_action)
+    {
+        READWRITE(m_base_blockhash);
+        READWRITE(m_coins_count);
+        READWRITE(m_nchaintx);
+    }
+
+};
+
+#endif // BITCOIN_NODE_UTXO_SNAPSHOT_H