Merge bitcoin/bitcoin#22051: Basic Taproot derivation support for descriptors

2667366aaa tests: check derivation of P2TR (Pieter Wuille)
7cedafc541 Add tr() descriptor (derivation only, no signing) (Pieter Wuille)
90fcac365e Add TaprootBuilder class (Pieter Wuille)
5f6cc8daa8 Add XOnlyPubKey::CreateTapTweak (Pieter Wuille)
2fbfb1becb Make consensus checking of tweaks in pubkey.* Taproot-specific (Pieter Wuille)
a4bf84039c Separate WitnessV1Taproot variant in CTxDestination (Pieter Wuille)
41839bdb89 Avoid dependence on CTxDestination index order (Pieter Wuille)
31df02a070 Change Solver() output for WITNESS_V1_TAPROOT (Pieter Wuille)
4b1cc08f9f Make XOnlyPubKey act like byte container (Pieter Wuille)

Pull request description:

  This is a subset of #21365, to aide review.

  This adds support `tr(KEY)` or `tr(KEY,SCRIPT)` or `tr(KEY,{{S1,{{S2,S3},...}},...})` descriptors, describing Taproot outputs with specified internal key, and optionally any number of scripts, in nested groups of 2 inside `{`/`}` if there are more than one. While it permits importing `tr(KEY)`, anything beyond that is just laying foundations for more features later.

  Missing:
  * Signing support (see #21365)
  * Support for more interesting scripts inside the tree (only `pk(KEY)` is supported for now). In particular, a multisig policy based on the new `OP_CHECKSIGADD` opcode would be very useful.
  * Inferring `tr()` descriptors from outputs (given sufficient information).
  * `getaddressinfo` support.
  * MuSig support. Standardizing that is still an ongoing effort, and is generally kind of useless without corresponding PSBT support.
  * Convenient ways of constructing descriptors without spendable internal key (especially ones that arent't trivially recognizable as such).

ACKs for top commit:
  Sjors:
    utACK 2667366 (based on https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/21365#issuecomment-846945215 review, plus the new functional test)
  achow101:
    Code Review ACK 2667366aaa
  lsilva01:
    Tested ACK 2667366aaa
  meshcollider:
    utACK 2667366aaa

Tree-SHA512: 61046fef22c561228338cb178422f0b782ef6587ec8208d3ce2bd07afcff29a664b54b35c6b01226eb70b6540b43f6dd245043d09aa6cb6db1381b6042667e75

src/util/spanparsing.cpp

@@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ Span<const char> Expr(Span<const char>& sp)
     int level = 0;
     auto it = sp.begin();
     while (it != sp.end()) {
-        if (*it == '(') {
+        if (*it == '(' || *it == '{') {
             ++level;
-        } else if (level && *it == ')') {
+        } else if (level && (*it == ')' || *it == '}')) {
             --level;
-        } else if (level == 0 && (*it == ')' || *it == ',')) {
+        } else if (level == 0 && (*it == ')' || *it == '}' || *it == ',')) {
             break;
         }
         ++it;