test: Add functional test for bitcoin-chainstate

Adds basic coverage for successfully validating a mainnet block as well
as some duplicate and invalid data.

test/functional/tool_bitcoin_chainstate.py

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# Copyright (c) 2022-present The Bitcoin Core developers
+# Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
+# file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
+
+import subprocess
+
+from test_framework.test_framework import BitcoinTestFramework
+
+class BitcoinChainstateTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
+    def skip_test_if_missing_module(self):
+        self.skip_if_no_bitcoin_chainstate()
+
+    def set_test_params(self):
+        self.setup_clean_chain = True
+        self.chain = ""
+        self.num_nodes = 1
+        # Set prune to avoid disk space warning.
+        self.extra_args = [["-prune=550"]]
+
+    def add_block(self, datadir, input, expected_stderr):
+        proc = subprocess.Popen(
+            self.get_binaries().chainstate_argv() + [datadir],
+            stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
+            stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+            stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+            text=True
+        )
+        stdout, stderr = proc.communicate(input=input + "\n", timeout=5)
+        self.log.debug("STDOUT: {0}".format(stdout.strip("\n")))
+        self.log.info("STDERR: {0}".format(stderr.strip("\n")))
+
+        if expected_stderr not in stderr:
+            raise AssertionError(f"Expected stderr output {expected_stderr} does not partially match stderr:\n{stderr}")
+
+    def run_test(self):
+        node = self.nodes[0]
+        datadir = node.cli.datadir
+        node.stop_node()
+
+        self.log.info(f"Testing bitcoin-chainstate {self.get_binaries().chainstate_argv()} with datadir: {datadir}")
+        block_one = "010000006fe28c0ab6f1b372c1a6a246ae63f74f931e8365e15a089c68d6190000000000982051fd1e4ba744bbbe680e1fee14677ba1a3c3540bf7b1cdb606e857233e0e61bc6649ffff001d01e362990101000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffff0704ffff001d0104ffffffff0100f2052a0100000043410496b538e853519c726a2c91e61ec11600ae1390813a627c66fb8be7947be63c52da7589379515d4e0a604f8141781e62294721166bf621e73a82cbf2342c858eeac00000000"
+        self.add_block(datadir, block_one, "Block has not yet been rejected")
+        self.add_block(datadir, block_one, "duplicate")
+        self.add_block(datadir, "00", "Block decode failed")
+        self.add_block(datadir, "", "Empty line found")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    BitcoinChainstateTest(__file__).main()