Filter netlink responses to only consider default routes by checking the
destination prefix length (rtm_dst_len == 0).
Previously, we selected the first route with an RTA_GATEWAY attribute,
which for IPv6 often resulted in choosing a non-default route instead of
the actual default.
This caused occasional PCP port mapping failures because a gateway for a
non-default route was selected.
Historically, the headers have been bumped some time after a file has
been touched. Do it now to avoid having to touch them again in the
future for that reason.
-BEGIN VERIFY SCRIPT-
sed -i --regexp-extended 's;( 20[0-2][0-9])(-20[0-2][0-9])? The Bitcoin Core developers;\1-present The Bitcoin Core developers;g' $( git show --pretty="" --name-only HEAD~1 )
-END VERIFY SCRIPT-
In almost all cases (the only exception is `getifaddrs`), we know the
size of the data passed into SetSockAddr, so we can check this to be
what is expected.
-noconf would previously lead to an ifstream "successfully" being opened to the ".bitcoin"-directory (not a file). (Guards against the general case of directories as configs are added in grandchild commit to this one).
Other users of AbsPathForConfigVal() in combination with negated args have been updated earlier in this PR ("args: Support -nopid" and "args: Support -norpccookiefile...").
e60cecc811 doc: add release note for 31156 (Martin Zumsande)
fc7dfb3df5 test: Don't enforce BIP94 on regtest unless specified by arg (Martin Zumsande)
Pull request description:
The added arg `-test=bip94` is only used in a functional test for BIP94. This is done because the default regtest consensus rules should follow mainnet, not testnet.
Fixes#31137.
ACKs for top commit:
achow101:
ACK e60cecc811
tdb3:
cr and light test ACK e60cecc811
rkrux:
tACK e60cecc811
BrandonOdiwuor:
utACK e60cecc811
laanwj:
Code review ACK e60cecc811
Tree-SHA512: ca2f322f89d8808dfc3565fe020d2615cfcc110e188a02128ad7108fef51c735b33d55b5e6a70c505d78f7291f3c635dc7dfbcd78be1348d4d6e483883be4216
The added regtest option -test=bip94 is only used in the functional
test for BIP94.
This is done because the default regtest consensus rules
should aim to follow to mainnet, not testnet.
33a28e252a Change default help arg to `-help` and mention `-h` and `-?` as alternatives (Lőrinc)
f0130ab1a1 doc: replace `-?` with `-h` for bench_bitcoin help (Lőrinc)
Pull request description:
The question mark is interpreted as a wildcard for any single character in Zsh (see https://www.techrepublic.com/article/globbing-wildcard-characters-with-zsh), so `bench_bitcoin -?` will not show the help message on systems using Zsh, such as macOS.
Since `-h` provides equivalent help functionality (as defined in https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/master/src/common/args.cpp#L684-L693), the `benchmarking.md` documentation has been updated to ensure compatibility with macOS.
----
### -?
> % cmake -B build -DBUILD_BENCH=ON && cmake --build build && build/src/bench/bench_bitcoin -?
zsh: no matches found: -?
### -h
> % cmake -B build -DBUILD_BENCH=ON && cmake --build build && build/src/bench/bench_bitcoin -h
Usage: bench_bitcoin [options]
Options:
...
----
Based on the comments the args help default was also changed to `-help`, mentioning `-h` and `-?` (instead of `-?` being the default)
ACKs for top commit:
edilmedeiros:
tACK 33a28e252a
maflcko:
lgtm ACK 33a28e252a
achow101:
ACK 33a28e252a
rkrux:
tACK 33a28e252a
laanwj:
Code review ACK 33a28e252a
Tree-SHA512: 8c6e27488462be9ba9186b34abe6249c1d93026b3963acc0f42c75496f39407563766ae518cf1839156039cc0047e29d91f70d191cfb97e0fbde85665e88c71e
Add `-ipcbind` option to `bitcoin-node` to listen on an IPC socket and accept
connections from other processes. In the future, there will be an `-ipcconnect`
option added to `bitcoin-wallet` and `bitcoin-node` to allow wallet and gui
processes to connect to the node and access it.
Example usage:
src/bitcoin-node -regtest -debug -ipcbind=unix
src/bitcoin-wallet -regtest -ipcconnect=unix info
src/bitcoin-gui -regtest -ipcconnect=unix
src/bitcoin-mine -regtest -ipcconnect=unix
c8e6771af0 test: restrict multiple CLI arguments (naiyoma)
8838c4f171 common/args.h: automate check for multiple cli commands (naiyoma)
Pull request description:
This PR is a continuation of the validation suggested [here](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/27815) to ensure that only one Request Handler can be specified at a time.
ACKs for top commit:
stratospher:
reACK c8e6771.
achow101:
ACK c8e6771af0
tdb3:
cr re ACK c8e6771af0
Tree-SHA512: f4fe036fee342a54f1a7ac702ac35c40bf3d420fde6ab16313a75327292d5ee5c8ece1be9f852a13fcf73da1148b143b37b4894e294052abdde6eefb2e8c6f3f
6bfa26048d testnet: Add timewarp attack prevention for Testnet4 (Fabian Jahr)
0100907ca1 testnet: Add Testnet4 difficulty adjustment rules fix (Fabian Jahr)
74a04f9e7a testnet: Introduce Testnet4 (Fabian Jahr)
Pull request description:
To supplement the [ongoing conceptual discussion about a testnet reset](https://groups.google.com/g/bitcoindev/c/9bL00vRj7OU/m/9yCPo3uUBwAJ) I have drafted a move to v4 including a fix to the difficulty adjustment mechanism, which was part of the motivation that started the discussion.
Conceptual considerations:
- The conceptual discussion about doing a testnet4 or softforking the fix into testnet3 is outside of the scope of this PR and I would ask reviewers to contribute their opinions on this on the ML instead. However, I am happy to adapt this PR to a softfork change on testnet3 if there is consensus for that instead.
- The difficulty adjustment fix suggested here touches the `CalculateNextWorkRequired` function and uses the same logic used in `GetNextWorkRequired` to find the last previous block that was not mined with difficulty 1 under the exceptionf. An alternative fix briefly mentioned on the mailing list by Jameson Lopp would be to "restrict the special testnet minimum difficulty rule so that it can't be triggered on the block right before a difficulty retarget". That would also fix the issue but I find my suggestion here a bit more elegant.
ACKs for top commit:
jsarenik:
tACK 6bfa26048d
achow101:
ACK 6bfa26048d
murchandamus:
tACK 6bfa26048d
Tree-SHA512: 0b8b69a621406a944da5be551b863d065358ba94d85dd3b80d83c412660e230ee93b27316081fbee9b4851cc4ff8585db64c7dfa26cb5148ac835663f2712c3d
When using `sendrawtransaction` the ALREADY_IN_CHAIN error help string
may be confusing.
Rename TransactionError::ALREADY_IN_CHAIN to
TransactionError::ALREADY_IN_UTXO_SET and update the rpc help string.
Remove backwards compatibility alias as no longer required.
c7376babd1 doc: Clarify distinction between util and common libraries in libraries.md (Ryan Ofsky)
4f74c59334 util: Move util/string.h functions to util namespace (Ryan Ofsky)
4d05d3f3b4 util: add TransactionError includes and namespace declarations (Ryan Ofsky)
680eafdc74 util: move fees.h and error.h to common/messages.h (Ryan Ofsky)
02e62c6c9a common: Add PSBTError enum (Ryan Ofsky)
0d44c44ae3 util: move error.h TransactionError enum to node/types.h (Ryan Ofsky)
9bcce2608d util: move spanparsing.h to script/parsing.h (Ryan Ofsky)
6dd2ad4792 util: move spanparsing.h Split functions to string.h (Ryan Ofsky)
23cc8ddff4 util: move HexStr and HexDigit from util to crypto (TheCharlatan)
6861f954f8 util: move util/message to common/signmessage (Ryan Ofsky)
cc5f29fbea build: move memory_cleanse from util to crypto (Ryan Ofsky)
5b9309420c build: move chainparamsbase from util to common (Ryan Ofsky)
ffa27af24d test: Add check-deps.sh script to check for unexpected library dependencies (Ryan Ofsky)
Pull request description:
Remove `fees.h`, `errors.h`, and `spanparsing.h` from the util library. Specifically:
- Move `Split` functions from `util/spanparsing.h` to `util/string.h`, using `util` namespace for clarity.
- Move remaining spanparsing functions to `script/parsing.h` since they are used for descriptor and miniscript parsing.
- Combine `util/fees.h` and `util/errors.h` into `common/messages.h` so there is a place for simple functions that generate user messages to live, and these functions are not part of the util library.
Motivation for this change is that the util library is a dependency of the kernel, and we should remove functionality from util that shouldn't be called by kernel code or kernel applications. These changes should also improve code organization and make functions easier to discover. Some of these same moves are (or were) part of #28690, but did not help with code organization, or made it worse, so it is better to move them and clean them up in the same PR so code only has to change one time.
ACKs for top commit:
achow101:
ACK c7376babd1
TheCharlatan:
Re-ACK c7376babd1
hebasto:
re-ACK c7376babd1.
Tree-SHA512: 5bcef16c1255463b1b69270548711e7ff78ca0dd34e300b95e3ca1ce52ceb34f83d9ddb2839e83800ba36b200de30396e504bbb04fa02c6d0c24a16d06ae523d
84900ac34f doc: add release-notes-27064.md (Matthew Zipkin)
855dd8d592 system: use %LOCALAPPDATA% as default datadir on windows (Matthew Zipkin)
Pull request description:
Closes https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/issues/2391
This PR changes the default datadir location on Windows from `C:\Users\Username\AppData\Roaming\Bitcoin` to `C:\Users\Username\AppData\Local\Bitcoin`. This change only applies to fresh installs. To preserve backwards compatibility, on startup we check for the existence of `C:\Users\Username\AppData\Roaming\Bitcoin\chainstate` and if it is there, we continue using the "Roaming" directory as the default datadir location.
[Note that in Windows 11 this change may be moot:](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/uwp/api/windows.storage.applicationdata.roamingfolder?view=winrt-22621)
> Roaming data and settings is no longer supported as of Windows 11. The recommended replacement is [Azure App Service](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/app-service/). Azure App Service is widely supported, well documented, reliable, and supports cross-platform/cross-ecosystem scenarios such as iOS, Android and web. Settings stored here no longer roam (as of Windows 11), but the settings store is still available.
ACKs for top commit:
achow101:
ACK 84900ac34f
BenWestgate:
crACK 84900ac34f
hebasto:
re-ACK 84900ac34f, only addressed feedback since my recent [review](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/27064#pullrequestreview-2028718273).
Tree-SHA512: 807c6e89571287e2c8f4934229aec91ef28e7d0a675234acf1b7d085c24c7b73a08b6e345fbfc9038e6239187b6b69c08490ddaa1c057de5ea975c4a000bba42
There are no changes to behavior. Changes in this commit are all additions, and
are easiest to review using "git diff -U0 --word-diff-regex=." options.
Motivation for this change is to keep util functions with really generic names
like "Split" and "Join" out of the global namespace so it is easier to see
where these functions are defined, and so they don't interfere with function
overloading, especially since the util library is a dependency of the kernel
library and intended to be used with external code.
Add TransactionError to node namespace and include it directly instead of
relying on indirect include through common/messages.h
This is a followup to a previous commit which moved the TransactionError enum.
These changes were done in a separate followup just to keep the previous commit
more minimal and easy to review.
Move enum and message formatting functions to a common/messages header where
they should be more discoverable, and also out of the util library, so they
will not be a dependency of the kernel
The are no changes in behavior and no changes to the moved code.
Add separate PSBTError enum instead of reusing TransactionError enum for PSBT
operations, and drop unused error codes. The error codes returned by PSBT
operations and transaction broadcast functions mostly do not overlap, so using
an unified enum makes it harder to call any of these functions and know which
errors actually need to be handled.
Define PSBTError in the common library because PSBT functionality is
implemented in the common library and used by both the node (for rawtransaction
RPCs) and the wallet.
Move util/message to common/signmessage so it is named more clearly, and
because the util library is not supposed to depend on other libraries besides
the crypto library. The signmessage functions use CKey, CPubKey, PKHash, and
DecodeDestination functions in the consensus and common libraries.
992c714451 common: Don't terminate on null character in UrlDecode (Fabian Jahr)
099fa57151 scripted-diff: Modernize name of urlDecode function and param (Fabian Jahr)
8f39aaae41 refactor: Remove hooking code for urlDecode (Fabian Jahr)
650d43ec15 refactor: Replace libevent use in urlDecode with our own code (Fabian Jahr)
46bc6c2aaa test: Add unit tests for urlDecode (Fabian Jahr)
Pull request description:
Fixes#29654 (as a side-effect)
Removing dependencies is a general goal of the project and the xz backdoor has been an additional wake up call recently. Libevent shows many of the same symptoms, few maintainers and slow releases. While libevent can not be removed completely over night we should start removing it’s usage where it's possible, ideally with the end goal to removing it completely.
This is a pretty easy win in that direction. The [`evhttp_uridecode` function from libevent](e0a4574ba2/http.c (L3542)) we were using in `urlDecode` could be easily emulated in fewer LOC. This also ports the [applicable test vectors over from libevent](https://github.com/libevent/libevent/blob/master/test/regress_http.c#L3430).
ACKs for top commit:
achow101:
ACK 992c714451
theStack:
Code-review ACK 992c714451
maflcko:
ACK 992c714451👈
stickies-v:
ACK 992c714451
Tree-SHA512: 78f76ae7ab3b6710eab2aaac20f55eb0da7803e057eaa6220e865f328666a5399ef1a479702aaf630b2f974ad3aa15e2b6adac9c11bc8c3d4be21e8af1667fea
The previous behavior was the result of casting the result returned from the libevent function evhttp_uridecode to std:string but this was probably not intended.
The point of this was to be able to build bitcoin-tx and bitcoin-wallet without libevent, see #18504.
Now that we use our own implementation of urlDecode this is not needed anymore.
Co-authored-by: stickies-v <stickies-v@protonmail.com>
2cc8ca19f4 [test] Use deterministic addrman in addrman info tests (stratospher)
a897866109 [test] Restart a node with empty addrman (stratospher)
71c19915c0 [test] Use deterministic addrman in addpeeraddress test (stratospher)
7b868e6b67 Revert "test: avoid non-determinism in asmap-addrman test" (stratospher)
69e091f3e1 [init] Create deterministic addrman in tests using -test=addrman (stratospher)
be25ac3092 [init] Remove -addrmantest command line arg (stratospher)
802e6e128b [init] Add new command line arg for use only in functional tests (stratospher)
Pull request description:
An address is placed in a `[bucket,position]` in the addrman table (new table or tried table) using the `addpeeraddress` RPC. This `[bucket,position]` is calculated using `nKey`(and other metrics) for the addrman which is chosen randomly during every run.
Supposing there are 2 addresses to be placed in an addrman table. During every test run, a different `[bucket,position]` would be calculated for each address.These calculated `[bucket,position]` could even be the same for the 2 addresses in some test runs and result in collisions in the addrman. We wouldn't be able to predict when the collisions are going to happen because we can't predict the `nKey` value which is chosen at random. This can cause flaky tests.
Because of these non deterministic collisions, we are limited in what we can do to test addrman functionality. Currently in our tests don't add a second address to prevent these collisions from happening - we only keep 1 address in the new table and 1 address in the tried table. See https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/26988#discussion_r1091145647, https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/23084, [#22831(comment)](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/22831/files#r708302639).
This PR lets us create a deterministic addrman with fixed `nKey` so that we can know the `[bucket,position]` collisions beforehand, safely add more addresses in an addrman table and write more extensive tests.
ACKs for top commit:
amitiuttarwar:
ACK 2cc8ca19f4
achow101:
ACK 2cc8ca19f4
0xB10C:
ACK 2cc8ca19f4
mzumsande:
Code Review ACK 2cc8ca19f4
Tree-SHA512: 8acd9bdfe7de1eb44d22373bf13533d8ecf602df966fdd5b8b78afcd8cc35a286c95d2712f67a89473a0d68dded7d38f5599f6e4bf95a6589475444545bfb189
-BEGIN VERIFY SCRIPT-
regex_string='^(?!//).*(AC_APPLE_UNIVERSAL_BUILD|BOOST_PROCESS_USE_STD_FS|CHAR_EQUALS_INT8|CLIENT_VERSION_BUILD|CLIENT_VERSION_IS_RELEASE|CLIENT_VERSION_MAJOR|CLIENT_VERSION_MINOR|COPYRIGHT_HOLDERS|COPYRIGHT_HOLDERS_FINAL|COPYRIGHT_HOLDERS_SUBSTITUTION|COPYRIGHT_YEAR|ENABLE_ARM_SHANI|ENABLE_AVX2|ENABLE_EXTERNAL_SIGNER|ENABLE_SSE41|ENABLE_TRACING|ENABLE_WALLET|ENABLE_X86_SHANI|ENABLE_ZMQ|HAVE_BOOST|HAVE_BUILTIN_CLZL|HAVE_BUILTIN_CLZLL|HAVE_BYTESWAP_H|HAVE_CLMUL|HAVE_CONSENSUS_LIB|HAVE_CXX20|HAVE_DECL_BE16TOH|HAVE_DECL_BE32TOH|HAVE_DECL_BE64TOH|HAVE_DECL_BSWAP_16|HAVE_DECL_BSWAP_32|HAVE_DECL_BSWAP_64|HAVE_DECL_FORK|HAVE_DECL_FREEIFADDRS|HAVE_DECL_GETIFADDRS|HAVE_DECL_HTOBE16|HAVE_DECL_HTOBE32|HAVE_DECL_HTOBE64|HAVE_DECL_HTOLE16|HAVE_DECL_HTOLE32|HAVE_DECL_HTOLE64|HAVE_DECL_LE16TOH|HAVE_DECL_LE32TOH|HAVE_DECL_LE64TOH|HAVE_DECL_PIPE2|HAVE_DECL_SETSID|HAVE_DECL_STRERROR_R|HAVE_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY_ATTRIBUTE|HAVE_DLFCN_H|HAVE_DLLEXPORT_ATTRIBUTE|HAVE_ENDIAN_H|HAVE_EVHTTP_CONNECTION_GET_PEER_CONST_CHAR|HAVE_FDATASYNC|HAVE_GETENTROPY_RAND|HAVE_GETRANDOM|HAVE_GMTIME_R|HAVE_INTTYPES_H|HAVE_LIBADVAPI32|HAVE_LIBCOMCTL32|HAVE_LIBCOMDLG32|HAVE_LIBGDI32|HAVE_LIBIPHLPAPI|HAVE_LIBKERNEL32|HAVE_LIBOLE32|HAVE_LIBOLEAUT32|HAVE_LIBSHELL32|HAVE_LIBSHLWAPI|HAVE_LIBUSER32|HAVE_LIBUUID|HAVE_LIBWINMM|HAVE_LIBWS2_32|HAVE_MALLOC_INFO|HAVE_MALLOPT_ARENA_MAX|HAVE_MINIUPNPC_MINIUPNPC_H|HAVE_MINIUPNPC_UPNPCOMMANDS_H|HAVE_MINIUPNPC_UPNPERRORS_H|HAVE_NATPMP_H|HAVE_O_CLOEXEC|HAVE_POSIX_FALLOCATE|HAVE_PTHREAD|HAVE_PTHREAD_PRIO_INHERIT|HAVE_STDINT_H|HAVE_STDIO_H|HAVE_STDLIB_H|HAVE_STRERROR_R|HAVE_STRINGS_H|HAVE_STRING_H|HAVE_STRONG_GETAUXVAL|HAVE_SYSCTL|HAVE_SYSCTL_ARND|HAVE_SYSTEM|HAVE_SYS_ENDIAN_H|HAVE_SYS_PRCTL_H|HAVE_SYS_RESOURCES_H|HAVE_SYS_SELECT_H|HAVE_SYS_STAT_H|HAVE_SYS_SYSCTL_H|HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H|HAVE_SYS_VMMETER_H|HAVE_THREAD_LOCAL|HAVE_TIMINGSAFE_BCMP|HAVE_UNISTD_H|HAVE_VM_VM_PARAM_H|LT_OBJDIR|PACKAGE_BUGREPORT|PACKAGE_NAME|PACKAGE_STRING|PACKAGE_TARNAME|PACKAGE_URL|PACKAGE_VERSION|PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE|QT_QPA_PLATFORM_ANDROID|QT_QPA_PLATFORM_COCOA|QT_QPA_PLATFORM_MINIMAL|QT_QPA_PLATFORM_WINDOWS|QT_QPA_PLATFORM_XCB|QT_STATICPLUGIN|STDC_HEADERS|STRERROR_R_CHAR_P|USE_ASM|USE_BDB|USE_DBUS|USE_NATPMP|USE_QRCODE|USE_SQLITE|USE_UPNP|_FILE_OFFSET_BITS|_LARGE_FILES)'
exclusion_files=":(exclude)src/minisketch :(exclude)src/crc32c :(exclude)src/secp256k1 :(exclude)src/crypto/sha256_arm_shani.cpp :(exclude)src/crypto/sha256_avx2.cpp :(exclude)src/crypto/sha256_sse41.cpp :(exclude)src/crypto/sha256_x86_shani.cpp"
git grep --perl-regexp --files-with-matches "$regex_string" -- '*.cpp' $exclusion_files | xargs git grep -L "bitcoin-config.h" | while read -r file; do line_number=$(awk -v my_file="$file" '/\/\/ file COPYING or https?:\/\/www.opensource.org\/licenses\/mit-license.php\./ {line = NR} /^\/\// && NR == line + 1 {while(getline && /^\/\//) line = NR} END {print line+1}' "$file"); sed -i "${line_number}i\\\\n\#if defined(HAVE_CONFIG_H)\\n#include <config/bitcoin-config.h>\\n\#endif" "$file"; done;
git grep --perl-regexp --files-with-matches "$regex_string" -- '*.h' $exclusion_files | xargs git grep -L "bitcoin-config.h" | while read -r file; do sed -i "/#define.*_H/a \\\\n\#if defined(HAVE_CONFIG_H)\\n#include <config/bitcoin-config.h>\\n\#endif" "$file"; done;
for file in $(git grep --files-with-matches 'bitcoin-config.h' -- '*.cpp' '*.h' $exclusion_files); do if ! grep -q --perl-regexp "$regex_string" $file; then sed -i '/HAVE_CONFIG_H/{N;N;N;d;}' $file; fi; done;
-END VERIFY SCRIPT-
The first command creates a regular expression for matching all bitcoin-config.h symbols in the following form: ^(?!//).*(AC_APPLE_UNIVERSAL_BUILD|BOOST_PROCESS_USE_STD_FS|...|_LARGE_FILES). It was generated with:
./autogen.sh && printf '^(?!//).*(%s)' $(awk '/^#undef/ {print $2}' src/config/bitcoin-config.h.in | paste -sd "|" -)
The second command holds a list of files and directories that should not be processed. These include subtree directories as well as some crypto files that already get their symbols through the makefile.
The third command checks for missing bitcoin-config headers in .cpp files and adds the header if it is missing.
The fourth command checks for missing bitcoin-config headers in .h files and adds the header if it is missing.
The fifth command checks for unneeded bitcoin-config headers in sources files and removes the header if it is unneeded.
The settings warning message is meant to be used only to discourage
users from modifying the file manually. Therefore, there is no need
to keep it in memory.
Hopefully, refraining users from modifying the file unless they are
certain about the potential consequences.
Co-authored-by: Ryan Ofsky <ryan@ofsky.org>
The preceding "Unable to parse settings file" message lacked
the necessary detail and guidance for users on what steps to
take next in order to resolve the startup error.
Co-authored-by: Ryan Ofsky <ryan@ofsky.org>
Supposing there are 2 different addresses to be placed in an addrman
table. During every test run, a different [bucket,position] would be
calculated for each address. These calculated [bucket,position] could
end up being the same for the 2 different addresses in some test runs
and result in collisions in the addrman. We wouldn't be able to
predict when the collisions are going to happen because we can't
predict the nKey value which is chosen at random. This can cause
flaky tests.
Improve this by allowing deterministic addrman creation in the
functional tests. This creates an addrman with fixed `nKey` = 1 and
we can know the [bucket,position] collisions beforehand, safely add
more addresses in an addrman table and write more extensive tests.
some of the existing command line args are to be only used in
functional tests. ex: addrmantest, fastprune etc.. make a separate
category -test=<option> for these so that code is cleaner and
user's debug-help output is straightforward.
