Same as https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/113951.
Avoids compile failures under clang-20 &
`D_LIBCPP_REMOVE_TRANSITIVE_INCLUDES`:
```bash
In file included from /bitcoin/src/test/fuzz/addition_overflow.cpp:5:
/bitcoin/src/test/fuzz/FuzzedDataProvider.h:209:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'abort'
209 | abort();
| ^
/bitcoin/src/test/fuzz/FuzzedDataProvider.h:250:5: error: use of undeclared identifier 'abort'
250 | abort();
```
Upstream revision: 6d0488f75b/compiler-rt/include/fuzzer/FuzzedDataProvider.h
Changes:
* [compiler-rt] FuzzedDataProvider: add ConsumeData and method.
* [compiler-rt] Fix a typo in a comment in FuzzedDataProvider.h.
* [compiler-rt] Add ConsumeRandomLengthString() version without arguments.
* [compiler-rt] Refactor FuzzedDataProvider for better readability.
* [compiler-rt] FuzzedDataProvider: make linter happy.
* [compiler-rt] Mark FDP non-template methods inline to avoid ODR violations.
