bitcoin/src/validationinterface.cpp

// Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
// Copyright (c) 2009-present The Bitcoin Core developers
// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.

#include <validationinterface.h>

#include <chain.h>
#include <consensus/validation.h>
#include <kernel/mempool_entry.h>
#include <kernel/mempool_removal_reason.h>
#include <kernel/types.h>
#include <primitives/block.h>
#include <primitives/transaction.h>
#include <util/check.h>
#include <util/log.h>
#include <util/task_runner.h>

#include <future>
#include <memory>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <utility>

using kernel::ChainstateRole;

/**
 * ValidationSignalsImpl manages a list of shared_ptr<CValidationInterface> callbacks.
 *
 * A std::unordered_map is used to track what callbacks are currently
 * registered, and a std::list is used to store the callbacks that are
 * currently registered as well as any callbacks that are just unregistered
 * and about to be deleted when they are done executing.
 */
class ValidationSignalsImpl
{
private:
    Mutex m_mutex;
    //! List entries consist of a callback pointer and reference count. The
    //! count is equal to the number of current executions of that entry, plus 1
    //! if it's registered. It cannot be 0 because that would imply it is
    //! unregistered and also not being executed (so shouldn't exist).
    struct ListEntry { std::shared_ptr<CValidationInterface> callbacks; int count = 1; };
    std::list<ListEntry> m_list GUARDED_BY(m_mutex);
    std::unordered_map<CValidationInterface*, std::list<ListEntry>::iterator> m_map GUARDED_BY(m_mutex);

public:
    std::unique_ptr<util::TaskRunnerInterface> m_task_runner;

    explicit ValidationSignalsImpl(std::unique_ptr<util::TaskRunnerInterface> task_runner)
        : m_task_runner{std::move(Assert(task_runner))} {}

    void Register(std::shared_ptr<CValidationInterface> callbacks) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_mutex)
    {
        LOCK(m_mutex);
        auto inserted = m_map.emplace(callbacks.get(), m_list.end());
        if (inserted.second) inserted.first->second = m_list.emplace(m_list.end());
        inserted.first->second->callbacks = std::move(callbacks);
    }

    void Unregister(CValidationInterface* callbacks) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_mutex)
    {
        LOCK(m_mutex);
        auto it = m_map.find(callbacks);
        if (it != m_map.end()) {
            if (!--it->second->count) m_list.erase(it->second);
            m_map.erase(it);
        }
    }

    //! Clear unregisters every previously registered callback, erasing every
    //! map entry. After this call, the list may still contain callbacks that
    //! are currently executing, but it will be cleared when they are done
    //! executing.
    void Clear() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_mutex)
    {
        LOCK(m_mutex);
        for (const auto& entry : m_map) {
            if (!--entry.second->count) m_list.erase(entry.second);
        }
        m_map.clear();
    }

    template<typename F> void Iterate(F&& f) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_mutex)
    {
        WAIT_LOCK(m_mutex, lock);
        for (auto it = m_list.begin(); it != m_list.end();) {
            ++it->count;
            {
                REVERSE_LOCK(lock, m_mutex);
                f(*it->callbacks);
            }
            it = --it->count ? std::next(it) : m_list.erase(it);
        }
    }
};

ValidationSignals::ValidationSignals(std::unique_ptr<util::TaskRunnerInterface> task_runner)
    : m_internals{std::make_unique<ValidationSignalsImpl>(std::move(task_runner))} {}

ValidationSignals::~ValidationSignals() = default;

void ValidationSignals::FlushBackgroundCallbacks()
{
    m_internals->m_task_runner->flush();
}

size_t ValidationSignals::CallbacksPending()
{
    return m_internals->m_task_runner->size();
}

void ValidationSignals::RegisterSharedValidationInterface(std::shared_ptr<CValidationInterface> callbacks)
{
    // Each connection captures the shared_ptr to ensure that each callback is
    // executed before the subscriber is destroyed. For more details see #18338.
    m_internals->Register(std::move(callbacks));
}

void ValidationSignals::RegisterValidationInterface(CValidationInterface* callbacks)
{
    // Create a shared_ptr with a no-op deleter - CValidationInterface lifecycle
    // is managed by the caller.
    RegisterSharedValidationInterface({callbacks, [](CValidationInterface*){}});
}

void ValidationSignals::UnregisterSharedValidationInterface(std::shared_ptr<CValidationInterface> callbacks)
{
    UnregisterValidationInterface(callbacks.get());
}

void ValidationSignals::UnregisterValidationInterface(CValidationInterface* callbacks)
{
    m_internals->Unregister(callbacks);
}

void ValidationSignals::UnregisterAllValidationInterfaces()
{
    m_internals->Clear();
}

void ValidationSignals::CallFunctionInValidationInterfaceQueue(std::function<void()> func)
{
    m_internals->m_task_runner->insert(std::move(func));
}

void ValidationSignals::SyncWithValidationInterfaceQueue()
{
    AssertLockNotHeld(cs_main);
    // Block until the validation queue drains
    std::promise<void> promise;
    CallFunctionInValidationInterfaceQueue([&promise] {
        promise.set_value();
    });
    promise.get_future().wait();
}

// Use a macro instead of a function for conditional logging to prevent
// evaluating arguments when logging is not enabled.
#define ENQUEUE_AND_LOG_EVENT(event, log_msg)                                                                    \
    do {                                                                                                         \
        static_assert(std::is_rvalue_reference_v<decltype((event))>,                                             \
                      "event must be passed as an rvalue");                                                      \
        static_assert(std::is_rvalue_reference_v<decltype((log_msg))>,                                           \
                      "log_msg must be passed as an rvalue");                                                    \
        auto enqueue_log_msg = (log_msg);                                                                        \
        LOG_EVENT("Enqueuing %s", enqueue_log_msg);                                                              \
        m_internals->m_task_runner->insert([local_log_msg = std::move(enqueue_log_msg), local_event = (event)] { \
            LOG_EVENT("%s", local_log_msg);                                                                      \
            local_event();                                                                                       \
        });                                                                                                      \
    } while (0)

#define LOG_MSG(fmt, ...) \
    (util::log::ShouldDebugLog(BCLog::VALIDATION) ? tfm::format((fmt), __VA_ARGS__) : std::string{})

#define LOG_EVENT(fmt, ...) \
    LogDebug(BCLog::VALIDATION, fmt, __VA_ARGS__)

void ValidationSignals::UpdatedBlockTip(const CBlockIndex *pindexNew, const CBlockIndex *pindexFork, bool fInitialDownload) {
    // Dependencies exist that require UpdatedBlockTip events to be delivered in the order in which
    // the chain actually updates. One way to ensure this is for the caller to invoke this signal
    // in the same critical section where the chain is updated

    auto log_msg = LOG_MSG("%s: new block hash=%s fork block hash=%s (in IBD=%s)", __func__,
                          pindexNew->GetBlockHash().ToString(),
                          pindexFork ? pindexFork->GetBlockHash().ToString() : "null",
                          fInitialDownload);
    auto event = [pindexNew, pindexFork, fInitialDownload, this] {
        m_internals->Iterate([&](CValidationInterface& callbacks) { callbacks.UpdatedBlockTip(pindexNew, pindexFork, fInitialDownload); });
    };
    ENQUEUE_AND_LOG_EVENT(std::move(event), std::move(log_msg));
}

void ValidationSignals::ActiveTipChange(const CBlockIndex& new_tip, bool is_ibd)
{
    LOG_EVENT("%s: new block hash=%s block height=%d", __func__, new_tip.GetBlockHash().ToString(), new_tip.nHeight);
    m_internals->Iterate([&](CValidationInterface& callbacks) { callbacks.ActiveTipChange(new_tip, is_ibd); });
}

void ValidationSignals::TransactionAddedToMempool(const NewMempoolTransactionInfo& tx, uint64_t mempool_sequence)
{
    auto log_msg = LOG_MSG("%s: txid=%s wtxid=%s", __func__,
                          tx.info.m_tx->GetHash().ToString(),
                          tx.info.m_tx->GetWitnessHash().ToString());
    auto event = [tx, mempool_sequence, this] {
        m_internals->Iterate([&](CValidationInterface& callbacks) { callbacks.TransactionAddedToMempool(tx, mempool_sequence); });
    };
    ENQUEUE_AND_LOG_EVENT(std::move(event), std::move(log_msg));
}

void ValidationSignals::TransactionRemovedFromMempool(const CTransactionRef& tx, MemPoolRemovalReason reason, uint64_t mempool_sequence) {
    auto log_msg = LOG_MSG("%s: txid=%s wtxid=%s reason=%s", __func__,
                          tx->GetHash().ToString(),
                          tx->GetWitnessHash().ToString(),
                          RemovalReasonToString(reason));
    auto event = [tx, reason, mempool_sequence, this] {
        m_internals->Iterate([&](CValidationInterface& callbacks) { callbacks.TransactionRemovedFromMempool(tx, reason, mempool_sequence); });
    };
    ENQUEUE_AND_LOG_EVENT(std::move(event), std::move(log_msg));
}

void ValidationSignals::BlockConnected(const ChainstateRole& role, std::shared_ptr<const CBlock> pblock, const CBlockIndex* pindex)
{
    auto log_msg = LOG_MSG("%s: block hash=%s block height=%d", __func__,
                          pblock->GetHash().ToString(),
                          pindex->nHeight);
    auto event = [role, pblock = std::move(pblock), pindex, this] {
        m_internals->Iterate([&](CValidationInterface& callbacks) { callbacks.BlockConnected(role, pblock, pindex); });
    };
    ENQUEUE_AND_LOG_EVENT(std::move(event), std::move(log_msg));
}

void ValidationSignals::MempoolTransactionsRemovedForBlock(std::shared_ptr<const CBlock> block, std::vector<RemovedMempoolTransactionInfo> txs_removed_for_block, unsigned int block_height)
{
    Assume(block);
    auto log_msg = LOG_MSG("%s: block hash=%s block height=%s txs removed=%s block txs=%s", __func__,
                           block->GetHash().ToString(),
                           block_height,
                           txs_removed_for_block.size(),
                           block->vtx.size());
    auto event = [block = std::move(block), txs_removed_for_block = std::move(txs_removed_for_block), block_height, this] {
        m_internals->Iterate([&](CValidationInterface& callbacks) { callbacks.MempoolTransactionsRemovedForBlock(block, txs_removed_for_block, block_height); });
    };
    ENQUEUE_AND_LOG_EVENT(std::move(event), std::move(log_msg));
}

void ValidationSignals::BlockDisconnected(std::shared_ptr<const CBlock> pblock, const CBlockIndex* pindex)
{
    auto log_msg = LOG_MSG("%s: block hash=%s block height=%d", __func__,
                          pblock->GetHash().ToString(),
                          pindex->nHeight);
    auto event = [pblock = std::move(pblock), pindex, this] {
        m_internals->Iterate([&](CValidationInterface& callbacks) { callbacks.BlockDisconnected(pblock, pindex); });
    };
    ENQUEUE_AND_LOG_EVENT(std::move(event), std::move(log_msg));
}

void ValidationSignals::ChainStateFlushed(const ChainstateRole& role, const CBlockLocator& locator)
{
    auto log_msg = LOG_MSG("%s: block hash=%s", __func__,
                          locator.IsNull() ? "null" : locator.vHave.front().ToString());
    auto event = [role, locator, this] {
        m_internals->Iterate([&](CValidationInterface& callbacks) { callbacks.ChainStateFlushed(role, locator); });
    };
    ENQUEUE_AND_LOG_EVENT(std::move(event), std::move(log_msg));
}

void ValidationSignals::BlockChecked(const std::shared_ptr<const CBlock>& block, const BlockValidationState& state)
{
    LOG_EVENT("%s: block hash=%s state=%s", __func__,
              block->GetHash().ToString(), state.ToString());
    m_internals->Iterate([&](CValidationInterface& callbacks) { callbacks.BlockChecked(block, state); });
}

void ValidationSignals::NewPoWValidBlock(const CBlockIndex *pindex, const std::shared_ptr<const CBlock> &block) {
    LOG_EVENT("%s: block hash=%s", __func__, block->GetHash().ToString());
    m_internals->Iterate([&](CValidationInterface& callbacks) { callbacks.NewPoWValidBlock(pindex, block); });
}